IMPACT OF MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN SANDY SOILS | ||||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 6, Volume 33, Issue 7, July 2008, Page 5477-5486 PDF (619.77 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2008.200075 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| S. S. Al-Oud | ||||
| Soil Science Dept., College of Food Sciences and Agriculture, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| An experiment was conducted to study the distribution and accumulation of Pb, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe in sandy soils contaminated withmunicipal and industrial wastes. Surface and subsurface soil samples were collected from three sites namely; Aldahy, Almota and Alsenayh, which representing the major agricultural soils of Qassim, central region of Saudi Arabia. These sites have been used for dumping domestic and industrial wastes for more than 20 years to evaporate and infiltrate solid and liquid industrial waste.The obtained results indicated that the application of municipal andindustrial wastes resulted in a marked increase in the total amount of studied metals. Maximum concentrations of metals were found in the surface 30 cm of the soil where Fe > Mn > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > Co in most cases. Most movement and amount of metals recovered from soil were predominantly limited to the upper 30 cm depth. The DTPA fraction of metals was relatively small, comparing either to the total soil content and/or the 0.5 N HNO3extractable fractions. For example, the average DTPA extractable Pb was highest (4.04 µg g-1) in Almota soils, while it was 2.30 µg g-1 in Aldahy soil and 1.25 µg g-1in Alsenayh soil. The respective Pb values extracted by 0.5 N HNO3 for the three sites were 6.75, 5.37 and 4.49 µg g-1. Total Pb values were 23.23, 21.77 and 15.95 µg g-1, respectively. All the three forms were highest in Almota area and lowest in Alsenayh area. The average of Ni content of the three soils was more or less in the same range as Pb. However, total Ni values were 2 to 3 times higher in Alsenayh soils. Though, these values were still low as compared to the contaminated reported levels but it indicated that these sites have been contaminated with the dumping of industrial waste. The values of Co for DTPA, HNO3 and total extracts were relatively low when compared to Pb and Ni. Average of DTPA content was 0.25 µg g-1 for Alsenayh, while it was 0.16 µg g-1for Aldahy and 0.10 µg g-1 for Almota soils. The data shows a high accumulation of these metals in contaminated area. Accumulation rate was highest for Ni, Cu, Co, Pb followed by Fe, Zn, and Mn. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| heavy metals; accumulation; mobility; municipal and industrial wastes | ||||
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