حرية التعبير الاعلامي في جنوب السودان- دراسة حالة للصحفيين والممارسة الصحفية

South Sudan's independent media under pressure, https://www.dw.com/en/

  - Internews Network - funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), www.medialandscapes.org

  - Douglas H. Johnson (2016), South Sudan: A New history for a new nation, ohio university press, p8.

  - Ibid.

  - Oystein H. RolandsenThe, A history of South Sudan, ibid, p9.

  - Overview, ibid.

  - Douglas H. Johnson, South Sudan, ibid, p.14.

  - Laws of South Sudan, Media authority Act, 2013, ACT. NO. 64, introduction, http://www.refworld.org.

  - South Sudan's independent media under pressure, ibid.

 - Walulya, Gerald; Nassanga, Goretti L, (2020), Democracy at Stake: Self-Censorship as a Self-Defence Strategy for Journalists, Cogitatio, Media and Communication; Lisbon Vol. 8, Iss. 1, p.6,

 - Sandoval-Martín, Teresa; Nachawati-Rego, Leila, (2018), Journalists honored by the Index on Censorship: the fight for freedom of expression in the post-Arab Spring era, Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, English ed.; Tenerife Iss. 73, p.2 

 - Pechulano Ngwe Ali, (2017), THE IMPACT OF THE GOVERNMENT CONCEALING INFORMATION ON THE PRACTICE OF JOURNALISM: A STUDY OF ANGLOPHONE CAMEROONIAN JOURNALISTS, A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Journalism––Master of Arts, p.20

 - Aondover, Eric Msughter, (2017), PEACE JOURNALISM PRACTICE AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE NORTHEAST OF NIGERIA: FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION WITH SOME MEMBERS OF NTA CORRESPONDENTS’ DAMATURU, YOBE STATE, Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos = Brazilian Journal of African Studies; Porto Alegre Vol. 2, Iss. 4, p.5

 - Jackson Kioko Ireri, (2015), CONSTRUCTING A PORTRAIT OF KENYAN JOURNALISTS IN THE 21ST CENTURY: DEMOGRAPHICS, JOB SATISFACTION, INFLUENCES ON NEWS VALUES AND AUTONOMY, AND STANDARDS OF JOURNALISM TRAINING, Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Media School, Indiana University February, p 12.

 - TWANGE KASOMA, (2007), BROWN ENVELOPE JOURNALISM AND PROFESSIONALISM IN DEVELOPMENT REPORTING: A COMPARISON OF ZAMBIA AND GHANA, A DISSERTATION Presented to the School of Journalism and Communication and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September. P3,4,83

 - Maria Mboono Nghidinwa, (2007), The role of women journalists in Namibia's liberation struggle, 1985?1990, A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the graduate school, degree of doctor of philosophy, p6.

  - Universal declaration of human rights- the United Nations, https://www.un.org.

  - Reese, S.V., (2016), Theories of Journalism, Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication, http://communication.oxforde.com/view/10.1093/

  - Ibid.

  - Reese, D.D., & Ballinger, J., (2001), The roots of a sociology of news: Remembering Mr. Gates and social control in the newsroom, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, Vol. 78, No. 4, PP. 641- 650.

  - Wilnat, L., & Weaver, D., (2014), The American journalist in the digital age: Key findings, Bloomington: School of Journalism, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN., PP. 8- 11.

  - Reese, S.V., Theories of Journalism, ibid.

  - ibid.

  - Bourdieu, P, (2005), The political field, the social science field, and the journalistic field, In R. Benson & E. Neveu (Eds.), Bourdieu and the journalistic field, Malden, MA: Polity., PP. 29- 47.

  - Reese, S.V., Theories of Journalism, ibid, p.44

  - Bourdieu, P., The political field, the social science field, ibid, p.40

 - ، http://www1.aucegypt.edu/academic/qualitativeresearch/chapter5.html

 - Lisosky, J.M. and Henrichsen, J. R. (2011). WAR ON WORDS: Who Should Protect Journalists? Praeger: Santa Barbara/California.

 - OYEWO Ayanfeoluwa, OYEWO Olusola Oyeyinka, (2016), World Press Freedom Day and Safety of Journalists: Implication for People’s Freedom of Expression, New Media and Mass Communication, Vol.54, p.35.

 - Matsuura, K. (2007). The Safety of Journalists is an issue that affects us all. Foreword in UNESCO’s Press Freedom Safety of Journalists and Impunity.

 - White, A. (2007). A Climate of Fear inhibits Press Freedom. Keynote Speech in UNESCO’s Press Freedom Safety of Journalists and Impunity.

 - OYEWO Ayanfeoluwa, OYEWO Olusola Oyeyinka, World Press Freedom Day and Safety of Journalists, ibid.

 - The Safety of Journalists and The Danger of Impunity, ibid.

 - U.N., The UN Human Rights Council Resolution A/HRC/21/12 on the Safety of Journalists, adopted by consensus in September 2012, in U.N., Implementation Strategy 2013-2014 on U.N. Plan of Action on the safety of journalists and the issue of impunity, 23

 - U.N., Plan of Action on the safety of journalists and the issue of impunity, 2012, 1, accessed March 20, 2017, http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/official_documents/UN-Plan-on-SafetyJournalists_EN_UN-Logo.pdf, p.4.

 - U.N.E.S.C.O., World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development, 2014, 87, accessed March 20, 2017, http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002270/227025e.pdf

 - Media Policy Framework for Southern Sudan- article 19, http://www.article19.org

 - Constitute of South Sudan, part two: bill of rights, 9. Nature of the bill of rights, South Sudan 2011 (rev.2013), PDF generated: 28 Mars 2017, constituteproject.org, p.11

  - Ibid, p.17.

  - Laws of South Sudan, Media authority Act, 2013, ACT. NO. 64, chapter1, preliminary provision, title and commencement, p.1, ibid.

  - Ibid.

  - Human Rights Council - Universal Periodic Review, 26th session: October - November 2016, reporteurs sans frontières, pour la liberté de l’information, www.rfs.org.

  - www.amnesty.org/en/countries/africa/south-sudan/reports/south-sudan.

 - Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019 United States Department of State • Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, p.2.

 - ibid.

 - Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, ibid.

  - World press freedom index 2020 from Reports Without Borders, www.rsf.org, modified by me

 - https://ifex.org/relentless-assault-on-press-freedom-continues-in-south-sudan, ibid.

  - Countries in press freedom, www.hrw.org.

  - Reporters Killed in South Sudan, from www.rsf.org, www.hrw.org.

  - Published on 5 November 2020, cpj.org, https://voanews.com/africa/south-sudan-focus/

  - https://im-media.voltorn.voanews.com.

  - https://ssnewsnow.com/newsbeat/press-releases/

  - https://eyeradio.org/family-of-a-journalist.

  - US freelancer Christopher Allen killed while reporting in South Sudan, https://nytimes.com, August 29, 2017

  - Reporters Killed in South Sudan, Ibid, www.unesco.org.

  - Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019, United States Department of State • Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, www.hrw.org.

  - www.rsf.org, www.hrw.org.

 - Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, ibid

 - https://medialandscapes.org/country/south-sudan/organisations/journalist-associations

 - https://radiotomazuj.org/en/news/article/south-sudan-journalists-elect-their-union-officials

  - https://ifex.org/relentless-assault-on-press-freedom-continues-in-south-sudan, ibid.

 - medialandscapes.org, ibid.

  - Laws of South Sudan, Media authority Act, Ibid, p12.

 - Laws of South Sudan, Media authority Act, 2013, ibid.

  - published in 10 September 2019,  https://voanews.com.

  - https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2018/south-sudan