دور الروابط کآلية لدعم تکيف المشروعات الصغيـرة والمتوسطة مع الأزمات الاقتصادية في مصر: دلائل من قطاع الصناعات المغذية والسلع الوسيطة | ||||
المجلة العربية للإدارة | ||||
Article 6, Volume 41, Issue 4, December 2021, Page 129-158 PDF (399.03 K) | ||||
Document Type: بحوث باللغة العربیة | ||||
DOI: 10.21608/aja.2021.205261 | ||||
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Authors | ||||
نور محمود محمد الحسيني; أحمد صقر عاشور | ||||
قسم إدارة الأعمال، کلية التجارة، جامعة الإسکندرية، جمهورية مصر العربية | ||||
Abstract | ||||
هدفت الدراسة إلى تقديم إطار استـرشادي مبدئي لاستکشاف طبيعة استجابات المشروعات الصغيـرة والمتوسطة للتکيف مع الأزمات الاقتصادية التي تعرضت لها مصر منذ ثورة ينايـر 2011، وحتى عام 2017. واعتمادًا على نظريات رأس المال الاجتماعي، ونظرية اعتمادية الموارد، ووجهة النظر المبنية على الموارد، رکز الإطار المبدئي للدراسة على أنماط تکويـن الروابط (توسيع أو تدعيم الروابط) التي اعتمدت عليها المشروعات محل الدراسة مع شرکائها الأساسييـن خلال فتـرة الدراسة. کما رکز الإطار على تحديد المتغيـرات البيئية والتنظيمية المؤثـرة على درجة تبني هذه الأنماط، بالإضافة إلى معرفة أثـر هذه الأنماط على استـراتيجيات التکيف التي اتبعتها المشروعات الصغيـرة والمتوسطة في ظل ظروف الأزمات الاقتصادية. وباستخدام عينة عمدية من سبعيـن شرکة من المشروعات الصغيـرة والمتوسطة التي استطاعت البقاء في ظروف الرکود، والعاملة في قطاع الصناعات المغذية والسلع الوسيطة، تم جمع البيانات عن متغيـرات الدراسة في نهاية عام 2017 باستخدام قوائم الاستقصاء والمقابلات الشخصية. واعتمادًا على طريقة المربعات الصغرى الجزئية (PLS-SEM) في التحليل الإحصائي للبيانات، توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود اختلافات في أثـر المتغيـرات البيئية (ممثلة في الآثار المدرکة للرکود الاقتصادي)، والمتغيـرات التنظيمية (ممثلة في التوجه الريادي) على أنماط تکويـن الروابط. کما أظهرت النتائج أنه في سياق المشروعات الصغيـرة والمتوسطة، فإن المتغيـرات التنظيمية وخاصة التوجه الريادي تفوق أهميتها المتغيـرات البيئية في تفسيـر أنماط تکويـن الروابط تحت ظروف الأزمات. وکشفت النتائج عن أهمية أنماط تکويـن الروابط في تفسيـر استـراتيجيات النمو التي اتبعتها المشروعات محل الدراسة في سياق الأزمات الاقتصادية. وقد أسهمت الدراسة في تحليل أوضاع واستجابات المشروعات الصغيـرة والمتوسطة في ظل الأزمات الاقتصادية في مصر بشکل خاص، وفي الاقتصادات النامية التي تواجه أزمات بشکل عام. وألقت الضوء على دور الروابط کآلية توفر للمشروعات الصغيـرة والمتوسطة المرونة والتکيف في مواجهة التهديدات البيئية الحادة. وقدمت الدراسة إطارًا مقتـرحًا في ضوء ما توصلت إليه من نتائج واستخلاصات. | ||||
Keywords | ||||
الروابط; دعم تکيف المشروعات; المشروعات الصغيرة والمتوسطة; الأزمات الأقتصادية; قطاع الصناعات المغذية | ||||
References | ||||
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