DIETARY PATTERNS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND RISK OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN GAZA STRIP, PALESTINE: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY | ||||
| Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University | ||||
| Article 21, Volume 44, Issue 2, December 2021, Page 537-549 PDF (892.21 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2021.207181 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
kanan M Wahedy   1; Abdel Hamid H. El Bilbeisi2; Manal J Bakry3
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| 1Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine | ||||
| 2Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Palestine, Gaza, Palestine | ||||
| 3Master Program of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: This study was conducted to determine the major dietary patterns and their association with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); and to compare the level of glycemic control among women with and without GDM. Method: This is a case-control study was conducted in the primary healthcare centers, in the year 2021, among 210 pregnant women, with gestational age ≥ 24 weeks, aged 20-40 years (70 cases and 140 controls matched for age and geographical location), selected by a purposive sampling method. A validated semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the international physical activity questionnaire short-form were used. Furthermore, the demographic-socioeconomic and medical history data were collected using an interview-based questionnaire. The WHO criteria were used for the diagnosis of GDM. Additionally, the HbA1c was used as a marker of glycemic control. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Results: The principle component analysis show two major dietary patterns (Healthy and unhealthy). After adjustment for confounding variables, women in the lowest tertile of the healthy dietary pattern had a lower odd for GDM [OR, CI 95%: 0.730 (0.596-.895); P-value 0.002]; whereas women in the lowest tertile of the unhealthy dietary pattern had a higher odd for GDM [OR, CI 95%: 3.41 (0.033- 0.154); P-value 0.003]. Conclusion: The healthy dietary pattern may be associated with a lower risk of GDM; whereas the unhealthy dietary pattern may be associated with a high risk of GDM in Gaza Strip, Palestine. | ||||
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