EVALUATION OF SOME VARIETIES OF Ocimum basilicum L. AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOME ORGANIC MANURES | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 22, Volume 32, Issue 4, April 2007, Page 2863-2880 PDF (927.18 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2007.207688 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
Hekmat Y. A. Massoud 
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| Veget. & Floric. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Among medicinal plants, basil is cultivated in Egypt, and has a high economic value. The cultivated area of sweet basil in Mediterranean countries has expanded markedly in recent years due to increasing demand of the European market. Two field experiments were conducted at Experimental Station of the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ. during two successive summer seasons of 2004 and 2005 to investigate the effect of two organic manure sources and levels; cattle manure (15, 30 and 45m3/fed) and chicken manure (10, 20 and 30m3/fed) on growth, volatile oil content and compositions. Five Ocimum genotypes were used i.e. Bush basil “Minimum”, Sweet basil, Lettuce-leaf basil “Crispum”, Purple Ruffles basil (local variety) and Genovese basil (Germany variety). The obtained results indicated that, application of cattle and chicken manure gave significant differences in plant height, number of branches, herb fresh and dry weights per plant, as well as the herb yield per plant. The highest values were obtained for the plants treated with the highest level of cattle manure (45 m3 / fed) and chicken manure (30 m3 / fed) at two cuts in both seasons. Volatile oil percentage was significantly affected, approximately by all organic manure sources. The volatile oil often contains monoterpenes such as linalool, methyl chavicol and ocimene. Volatile oil composition varied with plant species and plant fertilization. Treating plants with all levels of organic manure caused an increase in the chlorophyll content, N, P and K percentages during the two seasons. Application of cattle manure led to increase basil plant growth, herb and oil yield over with control treatment. Application of chicken manure was the superior treatment to enhance all growth parameters in both seasons. Also, it is evident that the application of treatments improved the growth of plants. Sweet basil variety was the best genotype in terms of dry herb and volatile oil yield production, and with different organic fertilizers levels exerted significant differences in the growth characters, as herb fresh and dry weight / plant, volatile oil, linalool percentage (the main compound), chlorophyll content and N (%). Purple Ruffle variety presented consequently the highest lodging tendency; expressed as plant height, number of branches per plant and methyl chavicol percentage (the main compound). | ||||
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