The Cosmic House (a case study of a sustainable Earthbag house) in Jordan

1. Introduction

Man has used clay as a basic material for building, more than ten thousand years ago in different places of the world, such as the basin of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and clay terraces in Upper Egypt, in the ancient Levant, as well as the right and its historical mud towers that are still present until now hundreds of years ago. According to (Al-Kassibi, 2010), in Europe, mud structures flourished from the eighteenth century to the end of the nineteenth century, and mud buildings were reused after the World War, where more than ten thousand mud dwellings in Germany testify to this (Norton, 1997) .

Clay is one of the most important materials that can be exploited in environmentally-friendly sustainable buildings, due to its availability in nature, the possibility of recycling without causing pollution, and its possession of good physical properties, in terms of thermal conductivity, thermal resistance and light reflectivity, in addition to the exchange property Thermal heating provides comfortable buildings for humans without the need for heating and mechanical cooling, and the Arab architect Hassan Fathi took advantage of these properties in his famous architecture, in Upper Egypt, with hot weather during the day and cold at night, using the local Nubian expertise, in uniquely building domes and vaults without the need for Use any of the topping systems (fathi, 1988) .

Earth-cup houses that were built to help victims of floods in Africa, earthquake victims in South America, and victims of wars in Gaza and Sudan have proven their worth in resisting disasters, but are these houses the ability to survive in crowded capitals? Is it possible to build and live inside cities and be inhabited by people? Can it meet the needs of the contemporary family?