SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL VARIABLES WHICH CONTRIBUTE IN ATTRACTING CHILDREN TO FOOTBALL ACADEMIES FIELD STUDY ON LATE CHILDHOOD STAGE | ||||
| Journal of Environmental Science | ||||
| Article 11, Volume 41, Issue 3, March 2018, Page 243-270 PDF (547.89 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jes.2018.21785 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Ahmed, H. A1; Ahmed, G. Sh2; El-Demerdash, Reham, U. | ||||
| 1Institute of Environmental Studies & Research, Ain Shams University | ||||
| 2Faculty of Post Graduate Childhood Studies, Ain Shams University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This study is intended to identify the social, psychological and physical variables which contribute to kids’ admission to football academies at late childhood phase (values, model, professionalism, sport consciousness, happiness, challenge, ambition, skill, training & education). The sample of this paper is chosen randomly. It comprises 200 parents and 200 kids in late childhood phase. The researcher used the descriptive approach by means of using a questionnaire form for both parents and kids and distributing it randomly on a sample from some sport academies. Statistical means have been used to process data in order to reflect individual differences between average, standard deviation, correlation coefficient, chi-square, & weighted Average. The study has found a correlation with significance between children, parents, mothers, birth place, qualification and some questions to parents with the exception of one question only which doesn’t have any correlation with the five variables (do you see that your son’s practice of football as a profession a means of pride?). By calculating chi-square coefficient, the study has reached the following results: A statistically significant relationship between (children’s age, parents’ age, birth place and qualification) with the following questions: (does father motivate son to join sports academy?) as the value of calculated chi-square is higher than tabular chi-square at significance level of 0.05, and that the value of calculated chi-square for the same question is 59.71 at significance level 0.05 which is higher than tabular value; (does mother motivate her son to join sports academy?) as the value of calculated chi-square is higher than tabular chi-square at significance level 0.05, and that the value of calculated chi-square for the same question was 13.99 at significance level 0.05 which is higher than tabular value; (do you agree that your son practice football as his basic profession?) as the value of calculated chi square is higher than tabular chi2 at significance level 0.05 and that calculated chi-square for the same question was 3.38 at significance level 0.05 as it was 0.066 which is smaller than the tabular value, however, it is accepted at significance level 0.10 and, (Are you a member at the club of the academy?) as the value of calculated chi-square is higher than tabular chi-square at significance level 0,05 and that the value of calculated chi-square for the same question was 38.72 at significance level 0.05 which is higher than tabular value. Calculating the chi-square coefficient, the study comes to the following: there is a correlation between birth location and qualification, since difference of governorate and birth location creates differences between governorates, as each governorate has its own habits and beliefs. The previous frequency tables exposes that Cairo and Giza are on top of governorates including football academies. Regarding qualification, the post-graduate educated parents ratio reaches 25% of the sample, while the university-educated parents represents 60% and the middle-educated parents is 155 and they are all totally aware of the necessity to encourage their children to learn football, seeking money and fame from that, being professionals and travelling abroad which is finally better than education. Lights, fame, players’ news, and their selling prices have become more important than a child’s learning of writing and reading, benefitting from the internet or reading scientific stories. The most interesting, is that parents have no objection to that, and they don’t object it to become their kids’ main job. Results also indicate that the probable mean for fathers’ encouraging their children reaches 96.33% while mothers’ ratio is 72.67% and that convenience level of children practicing soccer as a main career is 75.33 for both sexes. These results show that children are increasingly joining soccer academies and parents are seeking to train them to be under supervision of stars of football which makes it easy to become professional. | ||||
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