Molecular Investigation of Fowl Aviadenovirus in Broiler Flocks in North Sinai Province | ||||
| Suez Canal Veterinary Medical Journal. SCVMJ | ||||
| Article 14, Volume 26, Issue 2, December 2021, Page 449-467 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/scvmj.2021.217942 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Hasan Abouzied  1; Mohamed Soliman2; Eman El-Sayed3; Norhan Ali4; Mokhtar El-Tarabilli5
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| 1Poultry vaccination center El Arish, Directorate of Veterinary Medicine, North Sinai Governorate | ||||
| 2Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute | ||||
| 3Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine- Suez Canal University. | ||||
| 4Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University | ||||
| 5Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine- Suez Canal University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Fowl aviadenoviruses (FAdV) have gained increasing attention recently in Egypt and worldwide. They are the primary etiology of many widespread diseases. Among these diseases, inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). Many outbreaks of IBH have been documented in the last few years across the country, causing significant economic losses to the Egyptian poultry sector. This study was established to identify FAdV from field outbreaks of IBH in commercial broiler farms in North Sinai province during the period from May 2016 till December 2017. Affected birds lie on their sides with reduced feed intake, depression, ruffled feathers, pale comb and facial skin. While the most common postmortem lesions were hydropericardium, yellowish enlarged liver with ecchymotic hemorrhages, pancreatitis, and enteritis. Histopathological examination of liver samples collected at different stages of infection showed multifocal necrosis, extensive congestion with inflammatory cellular infiltration. The presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies (INIB) was variable among samples. FAdV were detected in liver samples from eleven flocks out of the fourteen examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) using commercial kits with differences in viral load among samples. DNA samples from four flocks that exhibited the highest fluorescence curve altitudes were subjected to conventional PCR targeting the hexon loop-1 gene for genetic characterization purpose. Sequencing of the four specific PCR products and phylogenetic analysis of the sequences showed that the four isolates (Sin-1, Sin-2, Sin-3, and Sin-4) were clustered into serotype-2, FAdV-D species. The strains in this study are sharing 99.82%, 99.63%,99.60%, and 98.2% nucleotide identity with FADV-2 (species D) strains from Israel, Japan, Egypt, and Canada, respectively. This study provides epidemiological data that could be useful in the design of an appropriate prevention strategy. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Fowl aviadenoviruses; hexon; inclusion body hepatitis; phylogenetic analysis; real-time polymerase chain reaction | ||||
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