Acute normovolemic hemodilution | ||||
| Minia Journal of Medical Research | ||||
| Volume 32, Issue 1, January 2021, Page 69-70 PDF (158.5 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjmr.2022.220722 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Ibrahim A. Youssef; Moatasem M. Alredy; Josef Z. Attia; Mohamed R. Mahmoud | ||||
| Department of Anathesia and Intensive Care, El-Minia Faculty of Medicine | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Adequate volume replacement during major surgeries is mandatory in order to avoid organ dysfunction and death(1) . The hazards related to homologous blood transfusion are well known, and might include: hypothermia, coagulation problems, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, allergic reactions, acute lung injury, hemolytic and non-hemolytic reactions, and transmitted infections(2) . Although multiple measures are performed to increase the safety of donated blood and/or products, autologous blood remains the safest source for blood transfusion(3) . Autologous blood donation may be performed by either: pre-deposit autol- ogous transfusion (The patient donates blood 3–5 weeks before surgery to be used intraoperatively), intraoperative acute normovolemic hemodilution, or intraoperative red blood cell salvage(4) . Acute normovolemic (isovolemic) hemodilution (ANH) is a blood conservation technique which involves intraoperative removal and storage(at room temperature) of blood from a patient, just before or shortly after the induction of anesthesia, with simultaneous adding of a replacement volume of crystal- loid and/or colloid(5) . This blood is transfused again to the same patient when intra-operative blood loss is controlled, or when necessary(6) . ANH is indicated when blood loss is expected to be more than 1 or expected to exceed 20% of the patients’ blood volume(7) . The American Association of Blood Banks guidelines recommend that intraoperative or postoperative autotransfusion should be performed in surgeries where a large amount of bleeding (more than 20% total volume) is anticipated(8) . In summary, compared with allogeneic blood transfusion, ABT has irreplaceable advantages such as avoiding allergies, immunosuppression, hemocytolysis and other adverse reactions. It is a safe, effective and affordable method of blood transfusion(9) . | ||||
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