ESTIMATION OF GENETIC VARIANCE FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN TWO BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CROSSES | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 2, Volume 32, Issue 10, October 2007, Page 8043-8053 PDF (733.51 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2007.220889 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| M. A. I. Khaled, | ||||
| National Wheat Res. Prog., Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| These experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station during four successive seasons from 2002 / 2003 to 2005 / 2006. Two crosses i.e. Giza 168 X Gemmeiza 7 and Gemmeiza 9 X Sakha 93 were evaluated . Five populations , ( P1 , P2 , F1 , F2 and F3 ) were used in this concern . Significant F2 mean values were obtained for all studied traits in the two crosses, then various biometrical parameters were estimated . Significant positive , heterotic effects towards better parent were detected for number of kernels / spike and grain yield / plant in the two crosses and for number of spikes / plant , 100-Kernel weight in the first cross ( Giza 168 X Gemmeiza 7 ) . The obtaind results indicated that , heterosis compared with better parent was significant for all studied characters in the two studied crosses except ; number of spikes / plant and 100-kernel weight in the second cross ( Gemmeiza 9 X Sakha 93 ) Inbreeding depression estimates were found to be significantly positive in the first cross for ; number of spikes / plant and100-Kernel weight .The same direction was obtained in the second cross for ; number of spikes / plant , number of Kernels/ spike ,100-Kernel weight and grain yield / plant . F2 deviation (E1) were significant for number kernels / spike and 100-kernel weight for two crosses . Moreover , F3 deviation (E2) was significant for all studied characters in the two studied crosses except , for number of spikes / plant in the second cross and grain yield / plant in the two crosses . Additive type of gene effect , was significantly positive in the first cross for ; number of spikes / plant , number of Kernels / spike and grain yield / plant . The same effect was obtained in the second cross for ,100-Kernel weight . Meantime , dominance gene effect showed that , most of the studied traits in both crosses were significantly positive . Heritability as a broad sense gave high estimate value for all studied traits in both crosses while , heritability as a narrow sense showed the same direction for all the studied traits in both crosses except for ; number of spikes / plant and number of kernels / spike in the second cross . Additive X additive (i) type of gene action was positive and significant for all the studied characters except ;100-kernel weight in the first cross . On the other hand , in the second cross only 100-kernel weight was positive and significant . Meanwhile , dominance X dominance was positive and significant for , number of kernels / spike in the second cross and 100-kernel weight in the first cross only . The obtained results indicated that ,selection for the studied traits may be effective in the early generations but it may be more effective if postponed to late generations. Also, these study concluded that, it can be take in consideration the first cross (Giza 168 X Gemmeiza 7 ) to improve the breeding program in the National Wheat Research Program | ||||
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