Knowledge and Awareness Associated with Illicit Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Abuse among Recreational Bodybuilders in the State of Kuwait | ||||
| The International Scientific Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences | ||||
| Article 5, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2015, Page 52-68 PDF (558.94 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/isjpes.2015.233284 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Kazem Jaber Ghloum1; Mohamed Salaheldeen Mohamed bakr2; Bader Jassem Alsarraf1 | ||||
| 1The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training College of Basic Education Department of Physical Education and Sport State of Kuwait | ||||
| 2Exercise Training Department, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Halwan university, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of bodybuilders illicit Androgenic-Anabolic Steroids (AAS) and other presumed performance enhancing drugs users in the State of Kuwait were investigated. Anabolic ergogenic substance use, in particular the use of anabolic androgenic steroids, is a serious problem among athletes and none athletes. Fifty Kuwaiti male recreational bodybuilders (15 students and 35 health club members) were recruited from physical education departments and various health clubs in the State of Kuwait. Confidential questionnaires were administered to determine their knowledge and awareness toward the usage and the adverse effects of AAS. They demonstrated a very low physical, moderate sexual and high psychological level of knowledge and awareness. The most common types of AAS used by bodybuilders was Deca-durabolin 50 (100%). Human growth hormone (HGH) was used by 47 (94%). The mean AAS cycle was (4-6 weeks) and 48 (96%) used stacking method. Users received 94% of the information about steroids from coaches and 92% from the internet. The AAS users obtained 96% of their drugs from coaches and friends | ||||
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