Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 50nm Gold Nanorods on mouse splenocytes and human cell lines

Rashad, Shimaa E.; Haggran, abdel-hamid; Aboul-Ela, Ezzat I.; Shaalan, Ashraf H.; Abdoon, Ahmed Sabry S.

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2022.134210.5914

	Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 50nm Gold Nanorods on mouse splenocytes and human cell lines
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Article 47, Volume 65, Issue 11, November 2022, Page 509-514 PDF (1008.52 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.134210.5914
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Authors
Shimaa E. Rashad ¹; abdel-hamid Haggran¹; Ezzat I. Aboul-Ela ²; Ashraf H. Shaalan³; Ahmed Sabry S. Abdoon⁴
¹Microbial Genetics Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
²Genetics and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Egypt.
³Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Institute, National Research Centre, Egypt.
⁴Animal Reproduction Department, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Center (NRC), Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
The study was designed to 1) evaluate the cytotoxic potential effects of different concentrations of 50nm AuNRs on mouse splenocytes chromosomal aberrations; 2) to examine the effect of different concentrations of 50nm AuNRs on human lung cancer (A549), Hepatic cancer (HepG2), colorectal cancer (Caco-2) cell lines, and normal lung (CCD-19Lu) cell line as a control. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethizzol-zyl)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay; 3) cell cycle assay was conducted using flow cytometry. Results indicated that 50nm AuNRs induced chromosomal aberrations in cultured mouse splenocytes in a dose-dependent manner. All the examined doses of 50 nm AuNRs were cytotoxic to mice splenocytes, and it induced most the aberration types, structurally (including chromatid gaps, chromatid breaks, deletions, and fragments, and numerically which represented as diploidy when compared with negative control. While 6.25 µg/ml 50nm AuNRs were safe when applied to cultured splenocytes. Also, results showed that 50nm AuNRs induced profound cytotoxicity in cancer cells of human colon cancer (Caco-2) (IC50 = 73.36), and human liver cancer (HepG2) (IC50 = 67.72), human lung cancer cell line (A549) (IC50 = 33.97), respectively. Moreover, AuNRs has cytotoxic activity on normal lung (CCD-19Lu) (IC50 = 545.5). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that 50nm AuNRs have a cytotoxic effect on human carcinoma cells (HepG2, CaCo2, A549, and CDD-19Lu) cells through the increased G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, these data indicate that 50nmAuNRs have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on mouse splenocytes and human normal and cancer cell lines at a concentration-dependent manner.
Keywords
Gold Nanorods; cell lines; cell viability assay; flow cytometry; chromosomal aberrations


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