EVALUATION OF SOME PROMISING TEOSINTE HYBRIDS AND THEIR GENETIC BEHAVIOR FOR FODDER YIELD | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 3, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 2004, Page 97-111 PDF (231.97 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2004.238468 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| M. M. Abd EI-Maksoud,1; A. Z. Abd EI-Haliem2; H. O. Sakr2 | ||||
| 1Dept. of Genetics, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura University, Mansoura, EGYPT | ||||
| 2Forage Research Dept., Crops Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, EGYPT. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Although the need for increased production of summer fodder is so keenly felt in Egypt, the plant breeders did not focused much of their attention to improving fodder teosinte. In this study an attempt was made in order to partition the genetic variance to its components for fodder traits through the evaluation of different generations (Pl, Pz, F I, F2, BCl and BCz) of the promising hybrids of teosinte. Significant differences among crosses for number of tillers per plant, green fodder yield per plant and crude protein percentage were detected in the three cuts. Also, the results revealed that the presence of highly significance among populations within crosses and populations within each cross with respect to all studied traits in three cuts. These results reflected the diversity and the different genetiC constitution of parental lines of the studied crosses. Furthermore, years, crosses by years and populations within crosses by years in addition tw populations within each cross by years mean squares were significant in most of occasions. This indicates that these populations gave different performances at different environmental conditions. The best combination for fodder yield components was Guatemala )( Balsas, which showed the highest means for most of studied traits through the three cuts compared by other two crosses as well as their parents. In this hybrid (Guatemala x 8alsas), the values of dominance gene effe~ts were higher in magnitude than the corresponding values of additive gene effects for all studied traits in most of cuts. This finding reflected the presence of heterotic effect and the higher frequency of dominance genes controlling these traits in this cross. Therefore, the means of the Fz generation appeared to be less than the F, hybrids for most of studied fo<lder traits through the three cuts. Regarding to Rayana x Balsas and Central plateau x Balsas hybrids, F2 generations appeared to be higher in means than their respective F I hybrids in most of studied traits in the three cuts. These results may be due to the presence of Iransgrassive segregations and the major role of additive as well as additive by additive gene action in the inheritance of fodder yield components with respect to these two hybrids. The means of most backcrosses strongly tended to be toward the respective recurrent parents, reflecting the role of additive and epistasis gene effects. Furthermore, the results showed that most of studied traits were significantly influenced by one or more type of epistasis effects, which included additive K additive, additive" dominance and dominance )( dominance gene effects as appeared in the three studied crosses, indicating the role of non-allelic interaction in the genetic expression of fodder traits. Number of tillers per plant was strongly associated with number of leaves per plant, green fodder yield per plant and dry fodder yield per plant at genetiC level. In conclusion, the improvement of fodder yIeld in teosinte is possible through the direct production of F I hybrids, such as Guatemala x Balsas or using these crosses to initiate the selection program for producing superior lines for their combining ability using the number of IHlers per plant as morphological marker. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Teosinte; Gene Action. Inbrl!!eding Depression. Heterosis | ||||
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