STUDIES ON YARROW

Abdel-Kader,, H. H.; Massoud, H. Y.; Ahmed, H. A.; Ibrahim, F. R.

doi:10.21608/jpp.2004.238769

	STUDIES ON YARROW" Achillea mille folium L." PLANTS: I. EFFECT OF SPRING AND AUTUMN CULTIVATION AND TIME OF HARVEST ON GROWTH, FLOWERING, AND YiELD OF THE DRiED FLOWERS AND ESSENTIAL OiL.
Journal of Plant Production
Article 16, Volume 29, Issue 7, July 2004, Page 4089-4101 PDF (3.33 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2004.238769
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Authors
H. H. Abdel-Kader,; H. Y. Massoud; H. A. Ahmed; F. R. Ibrahim
Veget. and Flor. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.
Abstract
Yarrow (Achillea mllletctium, L.), locally known as "Thousand leaves" is a member of the Family "Asteraceae", and is an important medicinal and aromatic plant. The aerial parts of the plant contain high quality essential oil and is also used as an aromatic bitter and stringent herb. The flowers are the richest part of the plant in the essential oil. This study was carried out during the two successive seasons 2000/2001 and 2001/2002, at the Experimental Station of Olericulture and Floriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University. It aimed to compare between two planting seasons (spring and autumn) and two consequent cuts of each of them on growth, flowering, and yield of the dried flowers and essential oil of Achillea under the conditions of Dakahlia Governorate. . Data were recorded on time taken to flower, plant height, herb and flowers weight, and oil percentage in the flowers, and the yield of both the dried flowers and the essential oil. Temperature and day-length change during the course of the study were also recorded. The results showed that plants at the 1^st cut took longer time to flower, were taller, produced more herb and flower weight per plant, and yielded more dried flowers and essential oil than those at the 2^nd cut in both plantings (spring and autumn). Results also showed that, in the first season, spring planting produced shorter plants, less herb weight per plant, but produced more flower weight per plant, and more dried flowers and essential oil yield per feddan than autumn planting. In the second season, spring plants suffered from inconsistent temperature and produced less flower and oil yield than autumn. In both seasons, spring plants flowered earlier and took shorter time to be ready for the first and second cuts than autumn plants regardless of temperature changes. On basis of the meteorological data, it was concluded that flowering of Achillea was mainly dependent on day-length, but its growth and yield were greatly influenced by temperature changes. Results also showed that the planting season and time of harvest did not affect the oil percentage in the flowers, and that the increase in oil yield was a tributed to the increase in the yield of the dried flowers not in their oil content.


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STUDIES ON YARROW" Achillea mille folium L." PLANTS: I. EFFECT OF SPRING AND AUTUMN CULTIVATION AND TIME OF HARVEST ON GROWTH, FLOWERING, AND YiELD OF THE DRiED FLOWERS AND ESSENTIAL OiL.