The Incidence of Dry Eye Disease after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery
Haron, H., Abdel Aleem, A., Hassanin, D. (2022). The Incidence of Dry Eye Disease after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery. EKB Journal Management System, 3(2), 156-169. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.238885
Hazem Effat Haron; Abdelrahman Shaaban Abdel Aleem; Doaa Ahmed Omar Hassanin. "The Incidence of Dry Eye Disease after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery". EKB Journal Management System, 3, 2, 2022, 156-169. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.238885
Haron, H., Abdel Aleem, A., Hassanin, D. (2022). 'The Incidence of Dry Eye Disease after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery', EKB Journal Management System, 3(2), pp. 156-169. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.238885
Haron, H., Abdel Aleem, A., Hassanin, D. The Incidence of Dry Eye Disease after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery. EKB Journal Management System, 2022; 3(2): 156-169. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.238885

The Incidence of Dry Eye Disease after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery

Egyptian Journal of Medical Research
Article 11, Volume 3, Issue 2, April 2022, Page 156-169  XML PDF (798.66 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.238885
View on SCiNiTO View on SCiNiTO
Authors
Hazem Effat Haron1; Abdelrahman Shaaban Abdel Aleem1; Doaa Ahmed Omar Hassanin2
1Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
2Ophthalmology Department, Luxor General Hospital, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Dry eye is described as a multifactorial disorder of the tear film that occurs due to excessive tear evaporation or tears insufficiency, and so leads to ocular discomfort sensation and ocular tissue damage with time. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of dry eye disease after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery at patients with no pre-existed dry eye. Patients and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the incidence of dry eye at 50 eyes of 50 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery, with age more than 40 years old. It is measured by dry eye tests ST1, TBUT, and OSDI questionnaire. Results: This study showed that 22% of the patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery suffered from dry eye with significant results at 1st week post-operative that improved over time. Also, it showed a significant association between microscopic light exposure time (during surgery) and increasing the incidence of dry eye postoperatively. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant drop in the results of  the schirmer test1 and TBUT post phacoemulsification surgery, but with no clinical significance, as they still at the normal range. The tear film assessment results at 22% of the patients, at the 1st week post-operative, were out of the normal range at TBUT, OSDI tests and were borderline at ST1. These results improved over time to return to the normal values within 12 week postoperatively.
Keywords
Dry Eye Disease; Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery; Cataract Surgery
References
  1.  Qin Y and Pan ZQ. Recent advances in dry eye: etiology, pathogenesis and management. Zhonghua Yan KeZaZhi 2013; 49:857-63.
  2. Shoja MR and Besharati MR. Dry eye after LASIK for myopia: incidence and risk factors. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2007;17:1–6.
  3. De Paiva CS, Chen Z, Koch DD, Hamill MB, Manuel FK, Hassan SS, et al. The incidence and risk factors for developing dry eye after myopic LASIK.Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141:438–45.
  4. Mertzanis P, Abetz L, Rajagopalan K, Espindle D, Chalmers R, Snyder C, et al. The relative burden of dry eye in patients' lives: comparisons to a U.S. normative sample. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46:46–50.
  5. Miljanović B, Dana R, Sullivan DA, Schaumberg DA. Impact of dry eye syndrome on vision-related quality of life.Am J Ophthalmol. 2007;143:409–15.
  6. Bowling B and Kanski J. Kanski's clinical ophthalmology. 8th ed. [Erscheinungs ortnichtermittelbar]: Elsevier.2016; 120-284.
  7. Dartt DA and Willcox MD. Complexity of the tear film: importance in homeostasis and dysfunction during disease. Exp Eye Res. 2013 ;117:1-3.
  8. Ram J, Gupta A, Brar G, Kaushik S, Gupta A. Outcomes of phacoemulsification in patients with dry eye. J Cataract Refract Surg 2002; 28:1386‑9.
  9. Vasumathi R. Remembering Dr. Charles D. Kelman and Development of phacoemulsification. TNOA J Ophthalmic Sci Res 2018;56:45-50.
  10. Pfleger T, Scholz U, Skorpik C. Postoperative astigmatism after no-stitch, small incision cataract surgery with 3.5 mm and 4.5 mm incisions. J Cataract Refract Surg 1994;20: 400–5.
  11. Gills JP and Sanders DR. Use of small incisions to control induced astigmatism and inflammation following cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 1991;1:740–4.
  12. Xue W, Zhu M, Zhu B, et al. Long-term impact of dry eye symptoms on vision-related quality of life after phacoemulsification surgery. Int Ophthalmol 2019; 39(2):419-29.
  13. Dibajnia P, Mohammadinia M, Moghadasin M, Amiri MA. Tear Film Break-up Time in Bipolar Disorder. Iran J Psychiatry. 2012; 7(4):191-3.
  14. Liu Z, Luo L, Zhang Z, Cheng B, Zheng D, Chen W, et al. Tear film changes after phacoemulsification. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2002; 38:274‑7.
  15. Dodia K, Bapat S, Chudasama RK. Dry eye risk factors after phacoemulsification cataract surgery at a secondary care hospital. Int J Health Allied Sci. 2013; 2(4):242.
  16. Hikichi T, Yoshida A, Fukui Y, et al. Prevalence of dry eye in Japanese eye centers. Graefe's Arch clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1995 Sep 1;233(9):555-8.
  17. Cetinkaya S, Mestan E, Acir NO, Cetinkaya YF, Dadaci Z, Yener HI. The course of dry eye after phacoemulsification surgery. BMC ophthalmol. 2015; 15(1):68.
  18. Dhawan M, Kaur G, Singh SP. Dry Eye After Phacoemulsification.DJO 2018;29:25-30.
  19. Al-Aqaba MA, Fares U, Suleman H, Lowe J, Dua HS. Architecture and distribution of human corneal nerves. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010; 94:784–9.
  20. Muller LJ, Vrensen GF, Pels L, Cardozo BN, Willekens B. Architecture of human corneal nerves. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997; 38:985–94.
  21. Sitompul R, Sancoyo GS, Hutauruk JA, Gondhowiardjo TD. Sensitivity change in cornea and tear layer due to incision difference on cataract surgery with either manual small incision cataract surgery or phacoemulsification. Cornea 2008; (1): S13–8.
  22. Belmonte C, Acosta MC, Gallar J. Neural basis of sensation in intact and injured corneas. Exp Eye Res 2004; 78:513–25.
  23. Liu ZG and Li W. Dry eye relevant to ocular surgery. Zhonghua Yan KeZaZhi 2009; 45:483–5.
  24. Wilson WS, Duncan AJ, Jay JL. Effect of benzalkonium chloride    on the stability of the precorneal tear film in rabbit and man. Br J Ophthalmol 1975; 59:667–9.
  25. Pisella PJ, Pouliquen P, and Baudouin C. Prevalence of ocular symptoms and signs with preserved and preservative-free glaucoma medication. Br J Ophthalmol 2002; 86:418-423.
  26. Sanchez MA, Parriola-Villalobos P, Torralbo-Jimenez P, et al. The effect of preservative-free HP-Guar on dry eye after phacoemulsification: a flow cytometric study. Eye 2010;24: 1331-7.
  27. Cho YK and Kim MS. Dry eye after cataract surgery and associated intraoperative risk factors. Korean J Ophthalmol 2009; 23:65‑73.
  28. Sahu PK, Das GK, Malik A, Biakthangi L. Dry eye following phacoemulsification surgery and its relation to associated intraoperative risk factors. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015;22:472-7.
  29. Oh T, Jung Y, Chang D, Kim J, Kim H. Changes in the tear film and ocular surface after cataract surgery. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2012; 56:113–118.
  30. Kohli P, Arya SK, Rai A, Handa U. Changes in ocular surface status after phacoemulsification in patients with senile cataract. Int Ophthalmol. 2018; 39(6):1345-53.
  31. Ipek T, Hanga MP, Hartwig A, Wolffsohn J, O’Donnell C. Dry eye following cataract surgery The effect of light exposure using an in-vitro model. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2018;41:128–131.
  32. Kjaergaard SK, Hempel-Jørgensen A, Mølhave L, Andersson K, Juto JE, Stridh G. Eye trigeminal sensitivity, tear film stability and conjunctival epithelium damage in 182 non-allergic, non-smoking Danes. Indoor Air 2004; 14:200–207.
Statistics
Article View: 332
PDF Download: 319