The Physical Application of Non-destructive Techniques in Detection the Sequence of Intersecting Gel Ink and Printed Laser Toner Strokes
Shraa, S., Abo Elmagd, A., Bakr, A., Moustafa, Y., Shabana, A., Abd El-Aziz, I. (2019). The Physical Application of Non-destructive Techniques in Detection the Sequence of Intersecting Gel Ink and Printed Laser Toner Strokes. EKB Journal Management System, 62(6), 1069-1091. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.6532.1549
Samia Ibrahim Shraa; Abdel Aleem Solyman Abo Elmagd; Al-Sayed Aly Bakr; Yasser Mohamed Moustafa; A.A Shabana; Ibrahim Abd El-Aziz. "The Physical Application of Non-destructive Techniques in Detection the Sequence of Intersecting Gel Ink and Printed Laser Toner Strokes". EKB Journal Management System, 62, 6, 2019, 1069-1091. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.6532.1549
Shraa, S., Abo Elmagd, A., Bakr, A., Moustafa, Y., Shabana, A., Abd El-Aziz, I. (2019). 'The Physical Application of Non-destructive Techniques in Detection the Sequence of Intersecting Gel Ink and Printed Laser Toner Strokes', EKB Journal Management System, 62(6), pp. 1069-1091. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.6532.1549
Shraa, S., Abo Elmagd, A., Bakr, A., Moustafa, Y., Shabana, A., Abd El-Aziz, I. The Physical Application of Non-destructive Techniques in Detection the Sequence of Intersecting Gel Ink and Printed Laser Toner Strokes. EKB Journal Management System, 2019; 62(6): 1069-1091. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.6532.1549

The Physical Application of Non-destructive Techniques in Detection the Sequence of Intersecting Gel Ink and Printed Laser Toner Strokes

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Article 9, Volume 62, Issue 6, June 2019, Page 1069-1091  XML PDF (3.97 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.6532.1549
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Authors
Samia Ibrahim Shraa1; Abdel Aleem Solyman Abo Elmagd2; Al-Sayed Aly Bakr1; Yasser Mohamed Moustafa1; A.A Shabana2; Ibrahim Abd El-Aziz email 3
1Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
2Al-Azhar University, Chemistry Department, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
3Forgery & Counterfeiting Department, Forensic Medicine Authority, Ministry of justice, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Determination the sequence of intersecting strokes is great evidence in the field of the authentication of documents. Two types of the intersection utilized in preparing the samples of gel ink and toner. The effect of the brands and models of a laser printer, the brands, and colors of gel pen, the nature of the paper surface and the time gap were studied. The samples were examined by two nondestructive techniques; the digital microscope and Raman spectroscopy. The ink properties observed under the digital microscope succeed in determining the sequence of intersection except in case of some colors of some pen brands. Raman spectroscopy combines with a digital microscope to analyze the samples which indistinguishable by the digital microscope. The combination of a digital microscope and Raman spectroscopy is an excellent forensic base to full discrimination the sequence of intersecting strokes regardless of the brands or colors of gel ink.
Keywords
Strokes intersection; Toner laser printer; Gel pen; Cross lines; Raman spectroscopy; Non-destructive techniques
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