IMPACT OF "A" FRAME ANGLE DESIGN ON HYDROPONIC SYSTEM PRODUCTION | ||||
| Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 3, Volume 39, Issue 3, July 2022, Page 391-408 PDF (1.27 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2022.141487.1078 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Ahmed F. Khedr1; Sameh S. Kishk2; AbdelTawab M. I. Zedan   3
| ||||
| 1Assoc. Prof. of Irrigation and Drainage Eng., Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Suez Canal U. Egypt. | ||||
| 2Assoc. Prof. of Ag. Const. Eng. and Environ. control, Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Suez Canal U. Egypt. | ||||
| 3Assoc. Prof. of Irrigation and Drainage Eng., Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Zagazig U., Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The scarcity of water become global problem, the "A"frame structure system is commercially extended in the hydroponics industry. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of different "A" frame angle design for NFT system design, water depth in pipes and pipes position, on growth of two leafy vegetables parameters. The treatments were the angle of "A" frame design (Ao), (45° and 60°), Water depths (4 and 6 cm), and leafy plants (lettuce and mint). The results indicated that, the changing angle from 180° to 60° and 60° to 45° decreased the occupied surface area by 45.0 % and 25.76 %, respectively. The light intensity values were decreased by changing the "A" frame angle from 60° to 45° by 26.4 % for lettuce and 32.0 % for mint. Changing the position of the pipe from center to bottom decreased the light intensity for lettuce by 9.2 % and 11.7 % for 45° and 60° angels, respectively. While increased by 21.2 % for mint with 45° angle only. Root length and stem diameter were increased by changing angle from 45° to 60° and water depth from 4 to 6 cm for both mint and lettuce plants. Optimal yields of lettuce and mint plants grown in "A" frame hydroponic system with 45° angle like those plants grown with 60° angle, indicating from no significant differences in the production of lettuce and mint plants. The "A" frame design with 45° angle can be recommended for production of lettuce and mint. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Hydroponic; "A" Frame design; Production; Lettuce; Mint | ||||
| References | ||||
|
Ahmed, M. S. (2019). Evaluation of hydroponic system for small farms. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis of Agric. Eng., Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. Agric., Suez Canal Univ., Egypt, 118 pp.
Awad, Y. M., Lee, S. E., Ahmed, M. B. M., Vu, N. T., Farooq, M., Kim, I. S., Vithanage, M., Usman, A. R. A., Al-Wabel, M., Meers, E., Kwon, E. E., and Ok, Y. S. (2017). Biochar, a potential hydroponic growth substrate, enhances the nutritional status and growth of leafy vegetables. Journal of Cleaner Production, 156, 581-588.
Benoit, F. and N. Ceustermans (1989). Recommendations for the commercial production of Butterhead lettuce in NFT. Soilless Culture, 5(1): 1-12.
Cooper, A.J. (1979). "The ABC of NFT", 2nd . Ed. Grower Books. England.
Craver, J. K. and K. A. Williams (2014). Assessing Student Learning From an Experiential Module in a Greenhouse Management Course Using Hydroponics and Recirculating Solution Culture, HortTechnology, 24(5): 610-617.
Fahim, M. M. (1989). Design of nutrient film system for agriculture under green-house, M. SC. Thesis, in Agric., Mech., Col. Agric., Ain-shams Univ., 150 pp. (Arabic, Engl. Summary).
Fumiomi Takeda. (1999). Strawberry production in soilless culture system, Acta Horticulturae 481(481):289-296, DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.1999.481.31.
Genuncio, G.C., M. Gomes, A.C. Ferrari, N. Majerowicz and E. Zonta (2012). Hydroponic lettuce production in different concentrations and flow rates of nutrient solution. Horticultura Brasileira 30: 526-530.
Griffiths, M. (2014). The Design and Implementation of a Hydroponics Control System. Information Technology, Oulu University of Applied Sciences. 74p,’Available at: http://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/81080/Griffiths_Mark.pdf;jsessionid=52F21B3031C87BF1FC364D3EB546AAD3?sequence=1 .
Hayden, A. L. (2006). Aeroponic and hydroponic systems for medicinal herb, rhizome, and root crops. HortScience, 41(3), 536-538.
Jensen, M. H. (1989). Hydroponic culture for the tropics: opportunitiesand alternatives. Proc. 10th Annual Conference on Hydroponics. Hydroponic society of America P. 55 - 112.
Jones, J. B. (2016). Hydroponics: a practical guide for the soilless grower. CRC press.440 p.
Joseph SV, Bettiga C, Ramirez C, Soto-Adames FN. (2015). Evidence of Protaphorura fimata (Collembola: Poduromorpha: Onychiuridae) feeding on germinating lettuce in the Salinas Valley of California. J Econ Entomol. 108(1):228–236.
Khater, E. G. (2006). Aquaponics: the integration of fish and vegetable culture in recirculating systems. M. Sc. Thesis, in Agric. Eng., Fac. Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ., Egypt P. 17 - 36.
Khater, E. G. and S. A. Ali (2105). Effect of flow rate and length of gully on lettuce plants in aquaponic and hydroponic systems. J. of Aquac. Res. and Devel., 6: 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000318.
Kijne, J. W., Barker, R., Molden, D. (2003). Water productivity in agriculture: limits and opportunities for improvement. http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20033158263.html
Koohakan, P., Jeanaksorn, T., and Nuntagij, I. (2008). Major diseases of lettuce grown by commercial nutrient film technique in Thailand. Current Applied Science and Technology, 8(2), 56-56.
Mason John. (2005). Commercial Hydroponics, ISBN 0684872021 (ISBN13: 9780684872025).
Nhut, D. T.; N. H. Nguyen and D. T. T. Thuy (2006). A novel in vitro hydroponic culture system for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) microtuber production. Scientia horticulturae, 110(3): 230 - 234.
Nunes Maciel, J.L., do Nascimento Junior, A., and Boaretto, C. (2013). Estimation of blast severity on rye and triticale spikes by digital image analysis. International Journal of Agronomy, ID 878246, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/878246.
Resh, H. M. (2022). Hydroponic food production: a definitive guidebook for the advanced home gardener and the commercial hydroponic grower. ISBN 9780367678753, 2022 by CRC Press, 642 Pages.
Ruiz, M. and E. Taleisnik, (2013). Field hydroponics assessment of salt tolerance in Cenchrus ciliaris (L.): growth, yield, and maternal effect Crop and Pasture Science, 64(6): 631 - 639.
Sanchez, S.V. (2007). Evaluating crispy lettuce cultivars produced under the NFT-Hydroponic system in two types of environmentals in ribeirão Preto, state of são paulo, brazil, Paulista State University, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Science.
Smeets, K.; J. Ruytinx; F. Van Belleghem; B. Semane; D. Lin; J. Vangronsveld and A. Cuypers (2008). Critical evaluation and statistical validation of a hydroponic culture system for Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 46(2): 212 - 218.
Takeda, F. (1997). Strawberry production in soilless culture systems. In International Symposium on Growing Media and Hydroponics 481(289 - 296).
Wheaton, F. W. (1993). Aquaculture Engineering. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 708 P.
Yuvaraj, M. and Subramanian, K. S. (2020). Different Types of Hydroponics System’, https://www.simplyhydroponics.com.au/page/info-hub/different-types-of-hydroponic-systems, pp. 835–837. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 677 PDF Download: 1,287 |
||||
