EFFECT OF GAMMA RAYS, ABSCISIC ACID AND PUTRESCINE ON PRODUCTION OF WHEAT P.,LANTS MORE TOLERANT TO SALINITY: ~ A· GROWTH, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, HORMONAL lSI TATUS, AND PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT PLANTS GROWN IN POTS UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 9, Volume 28, Issue 5, May 2003, Page 3513-3550 PDF (6.89 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2003.243295 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Y. H. EI-Shafey,; S. M. Salem; O. M. EI-Shihy; A. M. Ghallab; Hanaa F. Y. Mohamed | ||||
| Plant Physlol. Sec., Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Pot experiment were carrlec out during two successive seasons; 1999-2000 and 2000-2001, to investigate the effectiveness of the exogenous applications of gamma rays, abscisic acid and putrescine in improving the salinity tolerance of the salt-sensitive Giza 167 wheat cullivar aiming to approach nearly similar tolerance and productivity of the untr~ated salt- tolerant Sakha 8 cultivar, when both of them were irrigated with 15%, 30% and 45% sea water, l.e. 4950, 9900 and 14850 ppm respectively, in addition to the fresh (tap) water, I.e. 147 ppm in the control treatment. The obtained data strongly confirmed the absolute superiority of the weekly spraying either with 10IJM putrescine or 2 ppm ABA as well as the grains irradia ion with 15 KR gamma rays treatments, especially the first one, in inducing the highest degree of the physioloqical tolerance to salinity in the treated sensitive Giza 167 cullivar plants which enables them to be adapted to the all applied levels of salinity, and even could confirmed their superiority at least, up to 30% sea water level in comparison with the salt-tolerant Sakha 8 cullivar plant under the same conditions, This physiological tolerance to salinity brought about by creating more negative osmotic potentials (Osmotic Adjustment) through the accumulation of much more quantities of inorganic osmotica, t.e. • P. K+. Mg '2 Ca+2 and the highest K+'Na+ ratio as well as the lowest quan ities of Na' and lowest Na+'Ca+2 ratio in addition to considerable accumulation of organic protective osrnolytes, l.e, s:..ga,s, pfoline, free amino acids and protein in their growing tissues as well as the produced grains which greatly exceeded the all other treatments especially both sensitive and tolerant untreated controls up to 30% sea water level. This was accompanied with an ndogenous hormonal status, induced by these three treatments, in favor 0 increasing tolerance to salinity, i.e. the accumulation of cytokinin in the stressed roots alongside the sugars, associated with another accumulation of I~, GA3 and ABA in the stressed shoots, in addition to the lowest invertase activity in the stressed leaves in favor of accumulation more non-reducing sugars, Moreover, the most interesting feature of the obtained data is that, the superiority of these treatments as regards growth, dry matter a cumulation, chemical composition, endogenous hormonal status. invertase activity. was reflected in much more pronounced degree on the productivity 0 the treated plants, so much so that, it could highly significantly surpassed the corresponding productivity of the all other treatments even t~at the salt- tolerant untreated control up to 30% sea water level. Therefore, re obtained | ||||
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