CONTROL THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESQL TED FROM Cd AND Pb FOLIAGE APPLICATION ON S~GAR BEET PLANT BY USING FOLIAR SPRAY WITH CEiRTAIN GROWTH REGULATORS. | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 11, Volume 28, Issue 5, May 2003, Page 3571-3602 PDF (3.61 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2003.243297 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| M. F. Abd EI-Hamid,1; Amera A. A. EI Nabarawy1; A. A. Gaber2; Amal M. Kamil2 | ||||
| 1Fac. of Agrlc., Moshtohor, Zagazlg unlv. Agric. Botanty Dept., Qalubela, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Agric. Res. Cen., Sugar Crops Inst., Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Cd and Pb are an air serious wide global pollution problem, leadinglto great losses in agricultural yield and hazardous man's health through the cont~minated food. Their foliage a bsorption and direct shoot uptake represent potentiallmode of entry to plant tissues, beside their entry through roots. However, very little Is known about their toxicity uptake by leaves, comparing to those known by roots. Accordingly. this study is dealing with their probable toxicity under foliage uptake in relation to foliar spray with certain varieties of growth regulators (GAJ, NAA or Bg), using sugar beel planl grown under field conditlons during successive seasons exten ed from 1999 to 2001. The interaction treatments of Cd or Pb (HM) x growth regula!ors (GR) during the first season trail were 20 or 50 mgll from each beside control x 50 mgtl from everyone of GA3, NAA and Bg beside control. While during the second season trial the levels used of ce or Pb were 50 or 100 mg/l from everyone x 50 o~~oo mgtl from each of GAJ or Bg only, beside control of HM or GR. Every factor, H or GR, treatments were applied as foliar spray to sugar beet I eaves separately lith 24 h interval using GR treatments at first, followed by HM treatments. The treated plants received the above mentioned rates from each factor twice with the sawe serial successive application of GR at first followed by HM treatments. The first a~plication ones were after 69-70 days after sowing, followed by the second one after 21 days. The following results may be summarized as follows: (1) Both Cd 0 r P b could be absorbed through leaf surfaces of sugar beet plant with variable degree according to the used concentration and the used metal species and seemed to be traqslocated into roots. (2) Both used species of HM, exerted their obvious toxicity in sugar beet plant in the form of ret:!~dation eHects on most plant growth parameters, ith more pronounced decline in whole plant leaf area, with the association of decrements in the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, sharp decline In SLA and troublness in leaf water balance, beside their minimizing actions in the concentrations f sugars fractions in root and the total uptake of N, P, K and Na. These finding lead to suggest that, the main sited of phytotoxification action of Cd or Pb seemed to be on leaf 0 rgan properties and its physiological functional processes, and it is the most sensitive organ in sugar beet plant to the adverse eHects of Cd and p < /em>b. These adverse eHects on leaf must be reflected their actions on the other parameters. These adverse eHects were mostly increased with increasing the dose of the used HM and the c:or.centraticn of them in planllissue c:gan. !t was found tha~ Cd seemed to have mostly more toxification actions on sugar beet plant than Pb. (3) It was found that GR especially GAJ and some time Bg could be used with some extend to regulate the desfunctional effects of Cd or Pb in sugar beet plants, and that seemed to be through their detOxification actions on most properties of the functional sensttive organ (leaves), and also to their minimizing effects on the accumulation of Cd or Pb in different plant tissues. (4) The interaction effects of Cd or Pb in relations to GAJ on 89 treatments, seemed to be connected with the rate of both tested factors which judged by many factors, such as the used HM species, the tested variety of G.R, the used rates of both factors, the proportion degree of their uptake and translocation vvi hin plant organs, the sensitivity degree of the tested process, the plant age and the prevailing environmental conditions during both experimental trails. (5) It may be concluded that, it is difficult to determine the primary toxic and antitoxic action~ of GRx HM, as many series of progressive subsidiary reactions may be interfere through most studies characters. Thus, it is difficult to distinguish between the primary and the subsidiary action. (6) It may be recommended to use GAJ at the rate Of~OO mg/l to alleviate the toxic effects and may be the foliar uptake oi either Cd or P by sugar beet plant. In addition, the facior(s) affecting the uptake of Cd or Pb by lea es of sugar beet plant are still unclear, and addilional work must be carried out if the question is to be fully answered. | ||||
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