MITICIDAL ACTIVITY OF CLOVE ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS MAJOR COMPOUND AS POTENTIAL CONTROL AGAINST Varroa jacobsoni MITES IN HONEY BEE. | ||||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 11, Volume 29, Issue 11, November 2004, Page 6729-6740 PDF (3.39 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2004.243917 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| M. I. Kobeasy,; Hanaa, F. M. Ali | ||||
| Dept. of Biochemistry, Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ. Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The varroa mite, Varroa jacobsoni is the most serious ectoparasitic pest affecting honeybee Apis mellifera L. on world wide basis and causes damage to the apiaries. Control with synthetic acaricides has been used extensively for varroa control in many different parts of the world but causes some problems such as residues in hive products and acaricide resistant mites. Thus essential oils offer an attractive alternative to synthetic acaricides for the control of varroa. They are generally inexpensive and most pose few health risks. In the present study essential oil of dried clove buds was extracted by steam distillation and analysed by Gas Chromatography- Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) then investigated the activity against honey bee parasite Varroa jacobsoni by two methods of application spraying and evaporating trails in field tests after lab bioassay with essential oil and its major compound eugenol. Essential oil yield was 12.7 ± 0.07g/100g from dried clove buds sample. Thiry four components were identified by GC-MS and the major constituent was eugenol (cis-eugenol 18.02% and trans-eugenol 3.86%). The other main compounds were chavicol (6.87%), a-pinene (5.77%), junipene (5.46%), fenchone (4.94%), anethole (4.76%), limonene (4.65%) ~-caryophyllene (4.16%) and carvone (3.99%). Additions to 12 compounds were recorded as minor constituents and 13 compounds as trace constituents (less than 1 %).The results of biological experiments on varroa mites indicated that lab bioassay average mortality in the controls were ranged between 10.2 and 21. Average mortality in the eugenol treatments were ranged from 11.4 to 23.6 but in treatments of whole essential oil ranged from 19.20 to 70.50. In field experiments essential oil has significant differed from control in its effect as a miticide and evaporating technique is more effective on varroa mites comparing with spraying technique. The average mortality in mites was 50.38 and 71.42 for evaporation method and 12.12 and 20.1 for spraying method compared with control. Also the honey, sensory tests didn't give any evidence of clove after essential oil application. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Varroa jacobsoni; Varroa mites; honey bees; Apis mel/ifera; Clove buds; essential oil composition; control | ||||
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