Design of Integrated Risk Management Model as A Core for Integrated Management System (Case Study: in Chemicals Industry)

1. INTRODUCTION

     Many chemical products are potentially harmful at some stage during their manufacture and transport. These chemicals are liquids or gases, solids, flammable, explosive, corrosive, and toxic. The manufacturing cycle often involves high pressures, high temperatures, and reactions that can be dangerous unless carefully controlled. Because of this, the industry operates within the safety limits demanded by national and international legislation (Waly, 2017).

     Quality management, as part of a management system with regard to quality aiming the increasing level of satisfying customer needs about organization’s outputs (ISO 9001:2015), Environmental management, as part of a management system that seeks to provide organizations with an outline to protect the environment and respond to changing environmental conditions (ISO 14001:2015), Occupational health and safety management, as part of a management system aiming to enable organizations to enable a safe and healthy work environment by prevention injuries and ill health, as well as by proactively upgrading occupational health and safety performance (ISO 45001:2018).

     Integration of multiple management systems, rather than implement and maintain them separately, could have significant benefits for an organization (ISO 2018).

     The research aims to apply integrated risk management (IRM) in ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, and ISO 45001:2018 in chemicals industrial processes in one homogeneous system. The application of risks in each system separately consumes a lot of time, effort, and money. Therefore, the integration of the three systems in one homogeneous system can be very useful for the company (Zutshi and Sohal 2005; Salomone 2008; Asif et al. 2009; Giesen 2015; Nagel-Piciorus et al, 2016; Waly, 2017; Muthusamy et al. 2018).

Important standards for the chemical industry:

Chemical industries can benefit from any of the following management systems certifications including:

1. ISO 9001:2015 is for the quality management system, the basic standard for all types of industries to make their process inline with the international system requirements.
2. ISO 14001:2015 is for environmental management systems, this certification helps in preventing pollution from a particular industry. It helps to establish management of the system that helps to create such a system to create a minimum impact on the environment.
3. ISO 45001:2018 This standard focuses on the development of a safe and secure environment for the occupants. It helps to make sure of following the legal and statutory requirements related to the health and safety of all the people in the workplace.
4. ISO 31000:2018 is providing guidelines on managing any type of risk faced by organizations. The application of these guidelines can be customized for any organization and its context.
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2. MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The main purpose of the study is:

     The main purpose of this study is to understand the methodology and its requirement for establishing and design an Integrated Chemical Risk Management Based on the standards (ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, and ISO 45001:2018) within the Chemical Manufacturing Industry by:

1. Identify internal and external issues influencing the organization system.
2. Identify the needs and expectations of interested parties.
3. Establishing chemical risk Models Identify integrated chemical risk and environmental aspects.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

     Risk-based thinking is required by IMS but there are no formal requirements for a risk management system or risk register; it does not formally require a certain methodology for applying risk management and an organization can decide for itself whether and how to develop a more extensive risk management methodology than required as long as the principles from clause 6.1 are maintained; formal risk analysis can be very useful for many processes; ISO 31000:2018 recommend the next process for implementing risk-based thinking.

     According to (Kymal et al, 2015); an Integrated management system state that the first stages in the integrated risk management process are:

1-      Understanding the organization and its context;

     According to new management standard (NMS); ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, and ISO 45001:2018); the context is the set of those internal and external issues that are relevant to its purpose influence our organization and its ability to achieve the intended results of its management standard (MS). This clause of the standards requires identifying these issues and getting a clear picture of them.

2-      Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties.

The organization shall determine (Abuhav, 2017):

a) The interested parties, that is relevant to the integrated management system;

b) The relevant needs and expectations (requirements) of interested parties;

c) Which of these needs and expectations are or could become legal requirements and other requirements.

     Risk assessment has three components: Risk identification, risk analysis, and risk evaluation of all three should be done in a systematic manner (Popov et al., 2016).

     Practically, a risk assessment in the workplace is to identify any objects, situations, processes, or other items that may cause failures (to quality, environment, or people) in the specific site. After identification, the likelihood and severity of risk should be evaluated, and decisions will be made for the preventive or control measures for the risk. The assessment should be recorded and documented.

3-      Suggestion risk management model:

     A risk management model is described that illustrates the core elements of risk management and how they are linked with each other. This model includes such things as an incident investigation and risk assessment; our suggestion Framework Hazard Analysis and risk assessment process model of organization (Figure 1).

4-      Analysis of the total number of repetitions of the word Risk for each clause in the ISO standard:

When reviewing the ISO specifications, we find (By the authors):

1. Increasing the number of repetitions of the word Risk or what indicates risk (Hazard, Aspect, or Impact) in the ISO standard (ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, and ISO 45001:2018) gives clear evidence of the importance of the wrist during the application and activation of the ISO standard.
2. Increasing the number of repetitions of the word Risk or what indicates risk (Hazard, Aspect, or Impact) in each clause in the ISO standard (ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, and ISO 45001:2018) gives clear evidence of the increasing importance of implementing and activating this item in ISO standard ( Figure 2).
3. Conducting a study and statically analysis of the total number of repetitions of the word the risk for each clause in the ISO standard (ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, and ISO 45001:2018) from clause 4 to 10, in order to identify its importance to focus on the application of the ISO standard (Table 1).