SEARCH FOR ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS OF PLANT ORIGINS FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PLANT DISEASES: (A) FROM AQUEOUS PLANT EXTRACTS | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 8, Volume 28, Issue 7, July 2003, Page 5317-5333 PDF (2.06 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2003.252504 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| K. M. Dawood,; Y. M. Shabana; EI-Sayed A. Fayzalla; EI-Sherblny A. EI-Sherbiny | ||||
| Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EI-Mansoura 35516, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Aqueous plant extracts of Allium cepe (bulbs), A. sstivum (cloves), Artemisia judaica (leaves and flowers), Carum csrvi (seeds), Datura stramonium (seeds), Eruea sativa (seeds), Eucalyptus g/obulus (fresh leaves), Mentha viridis (leaves), Nigella sativa (seeds), Ricinus communis (seeds) and Thymus vulgaris (leaves), used at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%, were evaluated in vilro for there ailelopathic effects on mycelial growth and spore germination of nine plant pathogenic fungi i. e., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus ttevus, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium soteni, Rhizocton;a so/ani, Sclerolinia sativa, Sclerotium batatico/a and Sclerotium rolfsii. The extracts enhibited the fungal growth of the tested funQ!_ at variable degrees. A. setivum extract showed the greatest inhibitory effects on mycelial growth and spore germination of all tested fungi. It inhibited the spore germination by 95 to 99% and decreased the tungal dry weight by 56 to 91%. D. stramonium and N. sativa extracts induced a significant reduction in the fungal dry weights when compared to the other plant extracts. The extracts of A. setivum and E. sativa showed the highest inhibitory effect on the spore germination. A concentration of 10% of these extracts prevented the germination of 90% of the spores of these fungi. In greenhouse experiments. all tested plant extracts caused significant protection of cowpea seeds against the infection by the soil-borne fungi, .whereas the extract of D. stramonium produced 100% control of the cowpea damping'off caused by F. oxysporum while 93% control of the cowpea damping-off caused by F. solanl was obtained when A. sativum extract was used. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Allelopathy; biological control; plant extracts; antimicrobial activity; plant pathogenic fungi; cowpea damping-off | ||||
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