SEARCH FOR ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS OF PLANT ORIGINS FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PLANT DISEASES: (B) FROM METHANOLIC PLANT EXTRACTS | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 9, Volume 28, Issue 7, July 2003, Page 5335-5349 PDF (1.8 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2003.252505 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| K. M. Dawood,; Y. M. Shabana; EI. A. Fayzalla; EI. A. EI-Sherbiny | ||||
| Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EI-Mansoura 35516, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The antifungal activity of the methanolic extracts prepared from 11 plant species (mentioned in part A) was screened against 9 plant pathogenic fungi (Alternaria alternata. Aspergillus flavus. Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solanl, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinle sativa, Sclerotium batelicola and Sclerotium rolfs;'). Each plant extract was tested at five concentrations, namely 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%. Thymus vulgaris extract showed the highest Inhibitory effects on the culture growth of all tested fungi. This extract reduced the fungal dry weights by 42 to 96%. It had t he lowest values 0 f the minimum I nhibitory concentration that inhibits 50% (MICso) and 90% (MIC90) for all fungi. A. altemata, A. tlevus and S. bataUcola were the most persistent fungi against all methanolic plant extracts tested. Their growth was even promoted by most of the plant extracts. Among the Rlant extracts tested, Nigella sativa extract was the most effective one in inhibiting the spore germination of all tested fungi by 79 to 98%. In descending order, the extract of T. vulgaris was the second in terms of its capability of inhibition against fungal spore germination. In greenhouse experiments, the plant extract of N. sativa was the most effective one in the management of the damping-off disease caused by·F. solani and S. sativa on cowpea plants giving 93% control. The extract of Ricinus communis gave the highest level of controlling the damping-off disease caused by F. sofani (93% control). | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Allelopathy; biological control. plant extracts; antimicrobial activity; plant pathogeniC fungi; cowpea damping-off | ||||
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