Development and Preparation of Diphtheria Toxoid by Detoxification of Toxin via Gamma Radiation and Using Modified Semi-Synthetic Medium
El-shaer, E., Hasanin, S., Shaker, L., El-Beih, F., Mohammed, A., Abbas, O. (2023). Development and Preparation of Diphtheria Toxoid by Detoxification of Toxin via Gamma Radiation and Using Modified Semi-Synthetic Medium. EKB Journal Management System, 66(4), 179-187. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.142616.6231
Enas Ali El-shaer; Sadia Hasanin; Lamiaa Salah EL-din Shaker; Fawkia Mohammed El-Beih; Abla Ezz-E-lArab Mohammed; Osama Ahmed Abbas. "Development and Preparation of Diphtheria Toxoid by Detoxification of Toxin via Gamma Radiation and Using Modified Semi-Synthetic Medium". EKB Journal Management System, 66, 4, 2023, 179-187. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.142616.6231
El-shaer, E., Hasanin, S., Shaker, L., El-Beih, F., Mohammed, A., Abbas, O. (2023). 'Development and Preparation of Diphtheria Toxoid by Detoxification of Toxin via Gamma Radiation and Using Modified Semi-Synthetic Medium', EKB Journal Management System, 66(4), pp. 179-187. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.142616.6231
El-shaer, E., Hasanin, S., Shaker, L., El-Beih, F., Mohammed, A., Abbas, O. Development and Preparation of Diphtheria Toxoid by Detoxification of Toxin via Gamma Radiation and Using Modified Semi-Synthetic Medium. EKB Journal Management System, 2023; 66(4): 179-187. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.142616.6231

Development and Preparation of Diphtheria Toxoid by Detoxification of Toxin via Gamma Radiation and Using Modified Semi-Synthetic Medium

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 66, Issue 4, April 2023, Page 179-187  XML PDF (399.01 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.142616.6231
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Authors
Enas Ali El-shaer email orcid 1; Sadia Hasanin2; Lamiaa Salah EL-din Shaker3; Fawkia Mohammed El-Beih4; Abla Ezz-E-lArab Mohammed5; Osama Ahmed Abbas6
1Radioisotope departement, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority
2Microbiology Dept., Faculty of science - Ain shams university - Egypt
3Director of Pilot Plant Unit, VACSERA
4Professor of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams university
5Professor of biochemistry, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority
6Assistant professor of biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University
Abstract
Diphtheria is a serious infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae that usually attacks the respiratory system. The aim of this study is to produce diphtheria toxin using a modified semi synthetic Linggood medium. Also compare the effect of different doses of gamma radiation (0.5, 2, 5, 10, 15, 25 & 40 KGy) and formaldehyde on detoxifying this toxin. SDS-PAGE, protein content and cytotoxicity of toxoid were evaluated. Some biochemical parameters on serum of immunized mice with diphtheria toxoid were measured. The protein content showed that there was no difference with doses (0.5, 2, 5, 10 KGy) whereas, changed with doses (15, 25 & 40 KGy) when compared with standard toxoid. The gamma irradiated toxoids have a non-toxic effect on Vero cells (ATCC® CCL-81, organism: Cercopithecus, Tissue: Kidney). The levels of Urea and Creatinine in serum of all immunized animals groups showed non-significant change compared to control. Meanwhile, activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) & alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed no significant difference in case of toxoids irradiated groups (0.5, 2, 5, 10, 15 KGy) while enzymes significantly elevated in toxoid groups (25, 40 KGy and formaldehyde) compared to control animal group. This study revealed that the modified semi-synthetic medium gave a highly purified diphtheria toxin. On the other hand, gamma irradiation with doses (0.5, 2, 5, and 10 KGy) produces safe and effective diphtheria toxoid. It was concluded that this study might be a promising protocol for vaccine production.
Keywords
Corynebacterium diphtheriae; diphtheria toxin; fermentation; Vero cell; gamma irradiated toxoids
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