Hydrogeochemical studies of the groundwater at the flood plain Quaternary aquifer in Beni suef area, Egypt

Awad, Mahmoud; Mohamed, Essam A; Saber, Shaban G; Yehia, Mohamed Mokhtar; ElSayed, ElSayed ElBastamy; Nassar, Tamer

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2022.132791.5877

	Hydrogeochemical studies of the groundwater at the flood plain Quaternary aquifer in Beni suef area, Egypt
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Article 33, Volume 66, Issue 6, June 2023, Page 331-342 PDF (1.46 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.132791.5877
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Authors
Mahmoud Awad ¹; Essam A Mohamed¹; Shaban G Saber²; Mohamed Mokhtar Yehia³; ElSayed ElBastamy ElSayed ⁴; Tamer Nassar⁵
¹Environmental Hydrogeology Department, Faculty of Earth Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
²Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef Egypt.
³Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring, National Water Research Center, Kanater El-Khairia, Egypt.
⁴Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring (CLEQM)- National water research Center (NWRC)
⁵Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
Quaternary deposits represent the main aquifer in investigated region. currently, Groundwater contamination has become an important issue. The goal of this research is to determine the hydrochemical properties and the impact of anthropogenic activity on the groundwater. To do that, 40 water samples from surface and groundwater were collected and examined for major ions and trace elements. The western regions of the area have high TDS, Na, Ca, SO4, and Cl levels, indicating the presence of local pollution sources arising from the seepage from household, agricultural, and industrial wastes of a densely populated area. The concentration of iron, cadmium, aluminum, and manganese are above permissible levels at most of the groundwater area. Piper and Chadha diagrams revealed that The water type evolved from Ca–Mg–HCO3 in Nile waters to Na–Cl–SO4 at the western side, and then from Na–Cl–SO4 to Ca–Mg–HCO3 due to the dilution and mixing of (Ca–Mg–HCO3) infiltrated water from (EL-Ibrahimia canal, irrigation canals and agriculture land). The PCA, binary plots, and saturation indices revealed that weathering of carbonates and evaporites, cation exchange, and human activities are the main factors behind the geochemical evolution of groundwater.
Keywords
groundwater chemistry modeling; principal component analysis; Quaternary Aquifer; water rock interaction; groundwater contamination


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