Effect of electronic cigarette smoking on thoracic aorta of adult male albino rat and the possible protective role of melatonin | ||||
| Zagazig University Medical Journal | ||||
| Article 5, Volume 29, Issue 3, May and June 2023, Page 777-789 PDF (1.06 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2022.167294.2662 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Emtethal Mamdouh El-Bestawy   1; Mohamed Ahmed Sabry 2; Amira Fawzy Abdelallahmed 3
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| 1Department of human anatomy and embryology faculty of medicine zagazig university | ||||
| 2Department of Human Anatomy & Embryology faculty of medicine, Zagazig university | ||||
| 3Department of Human Anatomy& Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig university. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Electric cigarette smoking (E-smoking) has a growing popularity especially among youth. Its effects on cardiovascular system is not well clarified. Melatonin have beneficial effects in prevention and improving cardiovascular risk factors. So we aim to study E-smoking effects on the thoracic aorta and investigate the possible protection provided by melatonin. Methods:40 male albino rats were divided equally into four groups; control group: Exposed to no experimental interventions. Melatonin group: Received 5mg/kg/day melatonin orally for 4 weeks. E-smoking group: Exposed to 1ml/day of e-liquid smoke vapor for 1 hour 5consecutive days/week for 4 weeks. E-smoking + melatonin group: Exposed to 1ml/day of e-liquid smoke vapor for 1 hour for 5consecutive days/week and treated with 5mg/kg/day melatonin orally for 4 weeks. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, orcein and masson trichrome stains, and immunostained for Cluster of Differentiation 34 (CD34) and Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Results: E-smoking group showed decreased tunica media thickness, vacuolated smooth muscles cells, fragmented, atrophied and irregular elastic fibers with pale orcein staining, Strong CD34 and MMP-2 immunoexpressions, also Significant(p < 0.001) increment in serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrement in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as compared to control group. In E-smoking+melatonin group, histological structure was mostly preserved with moderate CD34 and negative MMP-2 immunoexpression. Significant decrement in the MDA and increment in GPx serum levels were recorded. Conclusion: E-smoking for 1 month in albino rat is sufficient to initiate aneurysmal pathological changes in the aortic wall. Melatonin provided a protection through inhibition of MMP-2 immunoexpression, its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| E-smoking; Aorta; Rat; Melatonin | ||||
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