Neurovascular Findings and Associated Risk Factors in Stroke in Young and Middle-Aged Patients: A Single Center Experience | ||||
| International Journal of Medical Arts | ||||
| Article 4, Volume 4, Issue 9, September 2022, Page 2641-2649 PDF (1.4 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ijma.2022.166787.1522 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Saber Aboelhassan Abdelrohman   1; Abdallah Farouk Elatrash2, 3; Hatem Kenany4; Yasser G. Abish5, 6; Shimaa Hassan7; Mohamed Sabry Attia7; Mahmoud Farouk Elmeniesy8
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| 1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine [Assiut], Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt | ||||
| 2Department of Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt | ||||
| 3Department of Critical Care, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 4Department of Critical care and Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 5Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 6Department of Radiology, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 7Department of Cardiology, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 8Department of Vascular Surgery, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: The increasing incidence of stroke in younger people underscores the urgent need for research to elucidate the underlying risk factors and causes. To date, the vast majority of studies of stroke in young people have been conducted in European and North American regions. Aim of the work: To characterize the neurovascular findings and associated risk factors for stroke in young and middle-aged patients at Almoosa Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack aged 25 to 60 years who underwent detailed cardiocerebrovascular examination. Results: The study included 182 patients, most of whom [89%] presented with stroke and 11% with transient ischemic attack. The mean age was 51.2±8.4 years [25-60 years], 62.6% were men, mean BMI was 30.7±5.4, 41.2% were smokers, 52.7% were diabetic, 60.4% had hypertension, and 38.5% had dyslipidemia. Cardiac risk factors were valvular heart disease [34.1%], ischemic heart disease [16.5%], cardiac thrombi [8.8%], and septal defects [4.4%]. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed anterior circulation infarction in 47.3% and posterior circulation infarction in 14.3%, whereas both anterior and posterior circulation infarction were found in 27.5%. Neurovascular imaging of the neck was performed in 102 patients, with 16.5% having mild stenosis, 7.7% moderate stenosis, 9.9% severe stenosis 8.8%, and 5.5% complete stenosis. Carotid arteries duplex examination revealed insignificant stenosis in 15.4% and significant stenosis in 6.6%. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia had a major impact on the extent of stenosis, whereas DM 2 and dyslipidemia were significantly more common in patients with increasing degrees of stenosis. Conclusion: In this study young patients with ischemic stroke had different cerebro-vascular risk factors and etiologies compared with previous cohorts, indicating the need for tailored prevention interventions that take into account regional epidemiological data on cerebrovascular health. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Stroke; Cerebrovascular accident; Ischemic stroke; Extracranial artery stenosis; Intracranial artery stenosis | ||||
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