Effect of Altitude on the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Two Pinus species L Cultivated in AL-Jabel AL-Akhdar, Libya. | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Volume 66, Issue 7, July 2023, Page 87-94 PDF (1.62 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.103043.4773 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Noha Fathallah   1; Mahmoud E. El-Sayed2; Hind A.N. Omar3; Miriam F. Yousif4; Mariam H. Gonaid5
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| 1Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Microbiology Department., Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Egypt | ||||
| 3Forestry and Range Sciences Department., Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, 00218-84, Libya | ||||
| 4Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Egypt | ||||
| 5Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinea Family Pinaceae; are plants indigenous to Al-Jabal Akhdar, Libya. The aerial parts (needles and young stems) are known to contain volatile oils of important biologicalactivities. To our knowledge this is the first time to investigate the effect of different altitudes on thechemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the plants. Two different altitudes for each species were chosen represented by Sidi Alhamry (Ph-S) [high land, 830 meters above the sea level] and Alaslab (Ph-A) [low land, 75 meters above the sea level] for P.halepensis, while WerdamaPp-W [high land, 625meters above the sea level] and Al MansuraPp-M [low land,408 meters above the sea level] for P.pinea. The antibiotic sensitivity of organisms used in this study was done using different classes of antimicrobial agents to compare the results with the tested samples where each organism revealing its unique pattern of sensitivity. The antimicrobial activities of the total ethanolic extracts prepared from the aerial parts (needles and young stems) of Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinea were investigated and revealed that Sidi el Hamry and Al Mansura exhibited the strongest inhibition diameter against gram positive bacteria with maximum effect against Micrococcus lutea, Mycobacterium phli and bacillus subtilis (36 mm, 33mm and 28 mm) respectively exceeding most reference standard antibiotics. Gram negative bacteria were mostly sensitive against Alaslab extract especially Escherichia coli with inhibition diameter of (14 mm). The fungus Candida albicans was sensitive to Sidi el Hamry and Werdama extracts with inhibition diameters of (10 mm and 9 mm). Three fractions (hexane, chloroform and ethanol) from each extract were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity where they exhibited weaker activity when compared to the total ethanolic extracts suggesting a synergistic effect of the active constituents when combined. The cytotoxic activities of the total ethanolic extracts were evaluated where the werdama position (Pinus pinea) showed the strongest cytotoxic activity against both breast and colon cell lines MCF-7 and HCT-116 (IC 50 = 0.81µg/mL and 1.6 µg/mL) respectively. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Pinus; Altitude; Antimicrobial activity; Cytotoxicity | ||||
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