BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WHITE MOULD DISEASE ON DRY BEAN CAUSED BY SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM IN EGYPT | ||||
| Menoufia Journal of Plant Protection | ||||
| Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 6, November 2022, Page 137-154 PDF (797.34 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjapam.2022.273462 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| N. M. Shaaban; A. M. El-Shazly; A. M. Alnaggar | ||||
| Agriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| In this study Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary on dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and how to be controlling the disease in Egypt. Novel antifungal substances such as biocontrol agents and commercial biocides were used instead of fungicides which have a dangerous effect on human health or ecology. Twelve isolates of S. sclerotiorum were selected from 315 isolatesfrom the diseased bean grew in many governorates in Egypt.These isolates were identified and coded while it was used in pathogenicitytest and other experiments. In the pathogenicity isolate coding (SMZ11) was very aggressive than the other isolates. Eleven Isolates from rhizosphere bean i.e. (eight Trichoderma spp, two of Bacillus subtilis, and one of Pseudomonas fluorescens ) were isolated from healthy bean rhizosphere. These isolates were tested on S. sclerotiorum (SMZ11)growth in vitro. Generally, all tested isolates reduced the mycelial growth and sclerotia formation of the pathogen but it showed a contrast between treatments whereas T. harzianum (TH1) gave highly reduction of mycelial growth followed by T. viride (Tv1) and B. subtilis (B1). The same treatments were studied on the disease in a greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt. All treatments significantly reduced the percentage of pre- and post-emergence damping off compared to the untreated control.Results in the greenhouse experiment were different from than laboratory test, where T. harzianum (TH1and TH3 ) and T. viride (Tv1) gave highly effect on disease incidence and survival plants which recorded 90, 85 and 85% survival plants respectively. Some commercial biocides were experimented on bean white mould disease in a greenhouse. The biocide (Blight stop) was highly effective on disease incidence which recorded 80% survival plants. In applied experiments commercial biocides and biocontrol agents isolates which give highly effect on bean white mould disease under the greenhouse were used to control the disease in the open field during the season (2021) from natural infestation and epidemically fields at Zawyet Razin, Menouf, Menoufia governorate, Egypt. Trichoderma harzianum (TH1) recorded highly reduction of disease incidence and high yield of bean crop while Rhizo-N was given low effect on the pathogen and smallest yield. Generally, all the tested biocontrol agents and commercial biocide treatments reduced the percentage of white mold incidence and severity of the treated dry bean plants compared with the untreated control. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Phaseolus vulgaris; White mould; S. sclerotiorum; biocontrol agents; commercial biocides | ||||
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