Assessment of Safety of Inhaled PMF Isolated from Camel Urine with Potential Activity against COVID-19 | ||||
| Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology | ||||
| Volume 14, Issue 2, December 2022, Page 459-469 PDF (664.4 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/eajbsc.2022.281089 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Sana Alattas1; Fatin Khorshid2; Ahmed Ali3; Soad Ali4; Musab Alyasin5; Abeer A. Alnajjar6 | ||||
| 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 7946, Jeddah 23824, Saudi Arabia. | ||||
| 2- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. - Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 3-Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Egypt - Dept of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University. KSA | ||||
| 4Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Egypt. | ||||
| 5PMF natural products company, Block 17 H, Ataqa Free Zone, Adabeya, Suez, and P.O. Box: 4 Gulf of Suez, Arab Republic of Egypt. | ||||
| 6Unit of pediatrics infectious diseases, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Faculty of medicine. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| PMF is a mixture of compounds extracted from lyophilized camel urine. It has many therapeutic effects including anticancer/antiviral activities. It has also a good safety profile. The aim of this study is to assess PMF safety in mice lung tissue after repeated inhalation. Adult male mice (N=15) were used. Clean surgical pads were used as cage bedding to avoid inhalation of wooden bedding. PMF aqueous solution, low and high doses were provided by whole-body inhalation exposure system, once daily for 3 successive days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected, animals were sacrificed, and both lungs were taken for immunological and histology investigations. PMF inhalation in low and high doses showed normal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF alpha and IL6) as well as normal antioxidants (GSH, SOD and catalase) in lung tissues. Whereas PMF inhalation in high doses led to an increasing level of MDA. The histological assessment also showed low or mild changes in both alveoli and bronchioles which are more obvious in the case of a high PMF dose. In conclusion, PMF inhalation either in high or low doses does not likely to induce an immunological inflammatory response in lung tissue. However, high doses may cause some histological changes | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| COVID-19; PMF; lung delivery system; Biomarkers; Histology | ||||
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