A Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization
Al Balah, O., Aied Taha Nassef, O. (2019). A Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization. EKB Journal Management System, 52(2), 72-78. doi: 10.21608/ajnsa.2019.4231.1097
Osama Fekry Al Balah; Olodia Aied Taha Nassef. "A Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization". EKB Journal Management System, 52, 2, 2019, 72-78. doi: 10.21608/ajnsa.2019.4231.1097
Al Balah, O., Aied Taha Nassef, O. (2019). 'A Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization', EKB Journal Management System, 52(2), pp. 72-78. doi: 10.21608/ajnsa.2019.4231.1097
Al Balah, O., Aied Taha Nassef, O. A Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization. EKB Journal Management System, 2019; 52(2): 72-78. doi: 10.21608/ajnsa.2019.4231.1097

A Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization

Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications
Article 10, Volume 52, Issue 2, April 2019, Page 72-78  XML PDF (790.57 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ajnsa.2019.4231.1097
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Authors
Osama Fekry Al Balah email 1; Olodia Aied Taha Nassef2
1National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University
2National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science, Cairo University
Abstract
Background: Because characterization of ink pens on documents represents an important forensic discipline, the need of legal systems for faster, in-situ and more accurate technique that identify and differentiate questioned documents involved in criminal or legal matters is of great interest. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was experimentally proved to be a promising technique emerging in the field of forensic applications, specifically, questioned documents despite they were from the same source or different source. However, the call for newly improved data analysis is unlimited and the need to know if the used ink has the same principal components or not.
Methods: In the present work, the application of PCA has been demonstrated as statistics-based spectral analysis of the output resultant LIBS spectra for the forensic questioned documents analysis. The LIBS spectra were acquired from IR laser induced plasmas of black ink on regular document paper of ten brands of black gel inks commercially available in the Egyptian market. The idea behind principal component analysis based on the loadings for the first three principal components. The obtained results have been shown to characterize ink pens used in the analysis, however, the first principal component encompass the dominant characterization for the used pens. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) of ink pens aided with PCA technique can promote the LIBS capability to faster, error-free and automatic elemental identification and differentiation for in-situ forensic purposes, specifically, questioned documents.
Keywords
Forensic sciences; questioned document; Ink pen characterization; Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; Principal component analysis
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