استفتاء القلب | ||||
| مجلة قطاع الشريعة والقانون | ||||
| Article 2, Volume 14, Issue 14, 2023, Page 101-162 PDF (2.11 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssl.2023.288446 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| علي حسين علي عبد النبي | ||||
| قسم أصول الفقه, كلية الشريعة والقانون, القاهرة, جامعة الأزهر, مصر. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| لما كانت الأفهام تتفاوت, والعقول تتمايز, وفتوى القلوب تختلف من قلبٍ إلى آخر؛ فكما أن الإيمان والورع محلهما القلب، فالنفاق والشهوات محلهما القلب أيضا, فإذا كان القلب عامرا بالإيمان والتقوى؛ تنزه عن النفاق، وتحصن من الشبهات، واستعصى على الشهوات، وقد يمرض القلب بشيء من النفاق، أو بشيء من الأهواء، فيستسلم للشبهات والشهوات؛ فربَّ راءٍ ما لا يراه غيره, ومستحسنٍ لما يستقبحه آخر, وهذا يجرُّ إلى دعوى التَّناقض والاختلاف في الأحكام، خاصة في هذا الزمان الذي كثُر فيه التحايل على الأحكام الشرعية، والأخذ بالهوى والتشهي، واختلاط الحلال بالحرام، ووجود من يتجرأ على الفتيا وليس أهلا لها حيث استنبطوا من تطبيق استفتاء القلب تحكيم قلوبهم بدون ضوابط وفي غير محلها؛ فصدرت عنهم فتاوى ومفاهيم مجترأة، بل صار الحديث مرتعا خصيبا لبعض من أراد الانفلات من الدليل والنص، والتحرر من فتوى العلماء وتكلُّف سؤالهم. من هنا جاء هذا البحث لدراسة استفتاء القلب؛ ببيان حقيقته وحجيته وإبراز ضوابطه ومجالاته وتطبيقاته, مشتملا على: مقدمة، وتمهيد، وخمسة مباحث، وخاتمة تضمت عددا من النتائج منها: أن استفتاء القلب لا يصلح حجة في إثبات الأحكام الشرعية, ولا في رد ما ورد فيه نص من النصوص, وعلى المكلف الالتزام الكامل والمطلق لأوامر الشرع، وإن لم تنشرح به صدور البعض, وأن حجية استفتاء القلب حال اختلاف الأدلة الظنية في نظر المجتهد ولا مرجح، أو عند تحقيق مناط الحكم، أو عند عدم الارتياح لفتيا تبيح شيئا يظنه الإنسان حراما، أو غير ذلك من مجالات استفتاء القلب, وأن لاستفتاء القلب ضوابط محددة تضمن سلامته. As understanding varies, minds are differentiated, and the fatwas of hearts differ from heart to heart; Just as faith and reverence are replaced by heart, so is hypocrisy and appetite. If the heart is full of faith and piety; You may become hypocritical, become arrogant, and intractable. The heart may become sick with hypocrisy or with a pinch of air, and you succumb to suspicions and desires. This leads to a lawsuit of contradiction and difference in verdicts, especially at this time when there has been a lot of cheating on Islamic rulings, taking into consideration identity and defamation, mixing lawful with forbidden things, and the presence of those who dare to cheat boys and are not worthy of them. They came up with the idea of applying a heart poll and trying to control their hearts without any checks and conditions; They issued fatwas and presumptuous concepts, and the hadith became a fertile ground for some who wanted to escape from the evidence and the text, and to be free from the fatwas of scholars and the cost of asking them. Hence, this research came to study the heart; The heart referendum does not serve as a pretext for proving legal rulings, nor does it revoke the texts contained therein. The person in charge must comply fully and unequivocally with the orders of the Sharia, even if some do not explain them. The heart referendum is valid if the evidence differs in the eyes of the person who is struggling and is unlikely, when the regions of power are achieved, or when there is a flagrant discomfort with a fatwa that allows something that is preached by man as a thief, or other areas of the heart referendum. The heart referendum has specific regulations that guarantee its safety. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| استفتاء; أصول; القلب; الإلهام; الفقه. Poll; Origins; Heart; Inspiration; Jurisprudence | ||||
| References | ||||
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ثبت المصادر والمراجع
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