الأزمة المعيشية عند الأُسَر من منظور الفقه الإسلامي أهم الأسباب وطرق العلاج والآثار دراسة فقهية مقارنة / The living crisis of families from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence, the most important causes methods of treatment and effects a comparative jurisprudential study | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
مجلة البحوث الفقهية والقانونية | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Article 6, Volume 35, Issue 41, April 2023, Page 301-397 PDF (1.51 MB) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DOI: 10.21608/jlr.2023.202314.1200 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
View on SCiNiTO | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Author | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
أحمد فريد العراقي | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
قسم الفقه المقارن- كلية الشريعة والقانون تفهنا الأشراف- دقليهة -جامعة الأزهر | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abstract | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم، إذا تعثر الإنسان في حصوله على المال، أو تحصّل على المال ولكن لا يكفي احتياجاته ظهرت الأزمة المعيشية، ولا يخفى أن الأزمة المعيشية كانت ومازالت على مر التاريخ اهتمام العقلاء للوصول إلى تقليلها إن لم يستطيعوا قلع جذورها؛ ولذا استعنت بالله في الكتابة في هذا الموضوع، مبيّنًا أهم أسباب ظهور الأزمة المعيشية، مستعرضًا أهم سبل العلاج لهذه الأسباب وأهم الآثار المترتبة على هذه الأزمة، وقد اتبعت في كتابة هذا البحث المنهج الاستقرائي، الاستنباطي، المقارن. وانتهيت إلى عدد من النتائج من أهمها: أن المراد بالأزمة المعيشية: عدم قدرة الشخص المالية للوفاء بمتطلبات الحياة من: المطعم، والمسكن، والتعليم، والدواء له ولمن تلزمه نفقتهم، وأن على المؤمن أن يأخذ بالأسباب المادية الظاهرة، والأسباب الروحية الغيبية؛ لعلاج مثل هذه الأزمات، فبهما يحقق مراده، ويصل لمقصوده، ويعم الرخاء على العباد والبلاد، وأن المسلم يقضي على جميع أزماته مهما كانت ومهما بلغت؛ باتباعه لتعاليم الإسلام في حياته. / In the name of God, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful, if a person stumbles in obtaining money, or if he obtains money but it is not enough for his needs, the living crisis appears, and it is no secret that the living crisis has been and still is throughout history the concern of rational people to reach its reduction if they are unable to uproot its roots; Therefore, I seek the help of God Almighty in writing on this subject, indicating the most important reasons for the emergence of the living crisis, reviewing the most important means of treatment for these reasons and the most important consequences of this crisis. In writing this research, I followed the inductive, deductive, and comparative approach. And I concluded with a number of results, the most important of which are: What is meant by the living crisis: a person’s financial inability to meet the requirements of life, including: food, housing, education, and medicine for him and those he is obliged to spend on, and that the believer must take the apparent material reasons, and the unseen spiritual reasons; To treat such crises, through them he achieves his goal, reaches his goal, and prosperity prevails over the people and the country, and that the Muslim eliminates all his crises, whatever they are and no matter how great they are; By following the teachings of Islam in his life. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Keywords | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
الأزمة المعيشية؛ الأُسر؛ الفقه الإسلامي؛ The Living Crisis; Families; Islamic Jurisprudence; The Most Important Causes; Treatment Methods And Effects | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ثبت المصادر والمراجع القرآن الكريم وتفسيره
كتب السنة وعلومهـا وشروحهـا
كتب الأصول والقواعد
كتب الفقه الحنفي
كتب المالكية
كتب الشافعية
كتب الحنابلة
كتب الفقه العام والمذاهـب الفقهية الأخرى والسياسة الشرعية
كتب الأخلاق والسلوك
كتب التاريخ والسير
كتب اللغة
كتب متنوعة
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bayrut - 1994m, tahqiqu: muhamad hajiy • almudawanat alkubraa, limalik bin 'ans, tabeata: dar sadir - bayrut. • manah aljalil sharh ealaa mukhtasar sayid khalil, limuhamad ealish, tabeatan: dar alfikr bayrut - 1409hi - 1989m. • mawahb aljalil lisharh mukhtasar khalil, li'abi eabdallah muhamad bin eabd alrahman almaghribi, ta: dar alfikr bayrut, ta:2, 1398 • kutub alshaafieia • al'um, li'abi eabdallah muhamad bin 'iidris alshaafieayi, tabeatun: dar almaerifat - bayrut - 1393, altabeatu: althaaniatu. • alhawy alkabiru, lieali bin muhamad bin habib almawardii alshaafieii, ta: dar alkutub aleilmiat bayrut lubnan, ta: 1, 1419 ha -1999 mi, tahqiqi: alshaykh eali muhamad mueawad - alshaykh eadil 'ahmad eabd almawjud. • almajmuei, li'abi zakariaa yahyaa bin sharaf bin miri alnawawii, ta: dar alfikr - bayrut - 1997m • mukhtasar almuzni fi furue alshaafieiati, li'abi 'iibrahim 'iismaeil bin yahyaa almuzni, ta: dar alkitaab aleilmiat bayrut, ta: 1, 1998m. • mighni almuhtaj 'iilaa maerifat maeani 'alfaz almunhaaji, limuhamad alkhatib alshirbinii tabeata: dar alfikr bayrut. • alwasit fi almadhhibi, li'abi hamid muhamad bin muhamad bin muhamad alghazalii, ta: dar alsalam alqahrati, ta: 1, 1417, tahqiqu: 'ahmad mahmud 'iibrahym, muhamad muhamad tamir. • kutub alhanabila • al'iinsaf fi maerifat alraajih min alkhilaf ealaa mudhhib al'iimam 'ahmad bin hanbal, li'abi alhasan eali bin sulayman almardawi, ta: dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii - bayrut, tahqiqu: muhamad hamid alfaqi. • sharah alzarkashiu ealaa mukhtasar alkharqi, li'abi eabdallah shams aldiyn muhamad bin eabd allah alzarkashi alhanbali, ta: dar alkutub aleilmiat lubnan/ bayrut, ta: 1, 1423hi - 2002m, tahqiqu: eabd almuneim khalil 'iibrahym • alfurue watashih alfuruei, li'abi eabdallah muhamad bin muflih almaqdisi, ta: dar alkutub aleilmiat bayrut, ta: 1, 1418, tahqiqu: hazim alqadi. • kshaf alqinae ean matn al'iiqnaei, limansur bin yunis bin 'iidris albahwti, ta: dar alfikr bayrut - 1402, tahqiqu: hilal musilihi mustafaa hilal. • almubdie fi sharh almuqaniea, li'abi 'iishaq 'iibrahym bin muhamad bin eabd allh bin muflihi, ta: almaktab al'iislamii bayrut 1400. • matalib 'uwli alnahaa fi sharh ghayat almuntahaa, limustafaa alsuyutii alrahibani, ta: almaktab al'iislamii dimashq - 1961m • almighni, li'abi muhamad eabdallh bin 'ahmad bin qudamat almaqdisi, ta: dar alfikr bayrut, ta: 1, 1405 • kutub alfiqh aleam walmazhahib alfiqhia al'ukhraa walsiyasa alshareia • 'ahkam alzakati, li'abi bakr muhamad bin eabdallah al'iishbili, du: dar abn hazam bayrut, ta:1, 2011m • al'ahkam alsultaniat walwilayat aldiyniati, li'abi alhasan ealiin bin muhamad bin habib almawirdi, ta: dar alkutub aleilmiat bayrut 1405hi- 1985m • al'amwali, labn zanjawiah 'abi 'ahmad humayd bin mukhalad bn qutaybat alkhirsani, ta: markaz almalik faysal lilbuhuth alsueudiati, ta: 1, 1406hi/1986m, tahqiqu: da: shakir dhib fayad. • al'amwali, li'abi eubayd alqasim bin salam, ta: dar alfikr bayrut 1408h - 1988m, tahqiq : khalil muhamad hiras. • altaaj almudhhb li'ahkam almudhhibi, li'ahmad bn qasim aleanisii alyamanii alsaneani, ta: dar alhikmat alyamaniat bisanea', 1414hi/1993m. • alrawdat alnidiat sharh aldarar albahyati, limuhamad sddyq hasan khan alqinnawjy albukhariu, ta: maktabat alkawthar bialriyad, dar al'arqam birminjihiam biritania, ta: 2, 1413h/1993m, taeliqa: muhamad subhi hasan halaaq. • alsil aljaraar almutadafiq ealaa hadayiq al'azhiar, limuhamad bin ealii bin muhamad alshuwkani, ta: dar alkutub aleilmiat bayrut, ta: 1, 1405hi, tahqiqu: mahmud 'iibrahym zayid. • sharayie al'iislam fi masayil alhalal walharami, li'abi alqasim najm aldiyn jaefar bin alhasan alhali, ta: dar alqari bayrut lubnan, ta: 11, 1425h/2004m. • sharh kitab alniyl washifa' alealil, limuhamad bin yusuf attafayash, ta: maktabat al'iirshad jidat, dar alfath bayrut, ta: 2, 1392h/1972m. • almabsut fi fiqh al'iimamiati, li'abi jaefar muhamad bin alhasan bin eali altuwsi, ta: almaktabat almurtadwiat li'iihya' aluathar aljaefariat, taeliqa: muhamad albaqir albahbudi. • almihalaa, li'abi muhamad ealiin bin 'ahmad bin saeid bin hazm alzaahri, ta: dar alfikr bayrut. • almukhtasar alnaafie fi fiqh al'iimamiati, li'abi alqasim najm aldiyn jaefar bin alhasan alhily, ta: dar altaqrib bialqahrat, nashara: maktabat al'asadi bitahran 1387h.. • kutub al'akhlaq walsuluk • 'iihya' eulum aldiyn, li'abi hamid muhamad bin muhamad alghazalii, tu: dar almaerifat bayrut. • aldharieat 'iilaa makarim alsharieati, li'abi alqasim alhusayn bin muhamad almaeruf bialraaghib al'asfuhanaa, ta: dar alsalam alqahirati, 1428h/2007m, tahqiqu: du. 'abualiazid 'abuzid aleajami. • mdarij alsaalikin, liabn alqiam 'abi eabd allh muhamad bin 'abi bakr bin 'ayuwba, ta: dar alkitaab alearabii bayrut, ta: 2, 1393 - 1973, tahqiqu: muhamad hamid alfaqi. • kutub altaarikh walsayr • albidayat walnihayatu, li'abi alfida' 'iismaeil bin eumar bin kathir alqurashiu, ta: maktabat almaearif bayrut. • altaarikh alkabiri, li'abi eabdallah muhamad bin 'iismaeil bin 'iibrahym albukhari, ta: dar alfikri, tahqiqa: alsayid haashim alnadwi. • tarikh baghdad, li'ahmad bin eali 'abu bakr alkhatib albaghdadiu, ta: dar alkutub aleilmiat bayrut. • tarikh madinat dimashqa, li'abi alqasim ealiin bin alhasan abn hibat allah bin eabd allah alshaafieii, ta: dar alfikr bayrut - 1995 , tahqiq : eumar bin gharamat aleamri. • zad almuead fi hadi khayr aleabadi, liaibn alqiam 'abi eabdallah muhamad bin 'abi bakr bin 'ayuwbi, ta: muasasat alrisalat bayrut - maktabat almanar al'iislamiat alkuayt 1986, ta: 14, tahqiqu: shueayb al'arnawuwt - eabdalqadir al'arnawuwt. • sirat eumar bin eabd aleaziz ealaa ma rawah al'iimam malik bin 'anas wa'ashabuhu, li'abi muhamad eabd allah bin eabd alhakama, ta: ealim alkutub bayrut lubnan, ta: 6, 1404h - 1984m, tahqiqu: 'ahmad eubayd • altabaqat alkubraa, li'abi eabdallah muhamad bin saed bin maniye albasarii alzahri, ta: dar sadir birut. • almaerifat waltaarikhi, li'abi yusuf yaequb bin sufyan alfuswii, ta: dar alkutub aleilmiat bayrut, 1419hi/1999m, tahqiqu: khalil almansur • wfiaat al'aeyan wa'anba' 'abna' alzaman, li'abi aleabaas shams aldiyn 'ahmad bin muhamad bin 'abi bakr bin khalkan, ta: dar althaqafat lubnan, tahqiqa: 'iihsan eabaas. • kutub allugha • alnihayat fi gharayb alhadith wal'athra, li'abi alsaeadat almubarak bin muhamad aljazari, ta: almaktabat aleilmiat bayrut 1399h - 1979m, tahqiqu: tahir 'ahmad alzaawaa - mahmud muhamad altanahi • lisan alearabi, limuhamad bin makram bin manzur al'afriqiu almisriu, ta: dar sadir bayrut, ta: 1 . • tahadhib allughati, li'abi mansur muhamad bin 'ahmad al'azhiri, ta: dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii bayrut, ta: 1, 2001m, tahqiqu: muhamad eawad mureib. • almuejam alwasiti, lilmualifina: 'iibrahym mustafaa، 'ahmad alzayaati, hamid eabd alqadir, muhamad alnajar, ta: dar aldaewati, tahqiqu: majmae allughat alearabiati. • taj alearus, limuhamad murtadaa alhusayni alzubaydi, ta: dar alhidayati, tahqiqu: majmueat min almuhaqiqina. • alsihah (taj allughat wasihah alearabiati), li'abi nasr 'iismaeil bin hamaad aljuhurii alfarabi, ta: dar aleilm lilmalayin bayrut, ta: 4, 1407h/1987m, tahqiqu: 'ahmad eabd alghafur eatar. • kutub mutanawiea • alfiqh al'iislamii wa'adlatuhu, da: wahabat bn mustafaa alzuhayli, tabeatun: dar alfikr dimashqa, tu: 4. • faqah alfuqara' walmasakin fi alkitaab walsunati, du: eabdalsalam alkharshi, ta: muasasat alrisalat bayrut, dar almuayid alrayad, ta: 1, 1423h/2002m • almakayil walmawazin alshareiata, da: eali jumeat muhamad, ta: alquds bialqahirati, ta: 2, 2001m. • man alturath aliaqtisadii lilmuslimina, da: rafieat aleudi, ta: matabie rabitat alealam al'iislamii, aleadadi:63, alsanatu:6, fibrayir 1987m. • altabasur bialtijarat , li'abi euthman eamriw bn bahr aljahiz albasarii, ta: maktabat alkhaniji bialqahirati, ta:3, 1994m • al'iisharat 'iilaa mahasin altijarati, li'abi alfadl jaefar bin eali aldimashqi, ta: dar sadir birut, ta:1, 1999m. • whi alrisalati, li'ahmad hasan alzayaati, ta: maktabat nahdat masri, ta:4, 1958m. • albitalatu-aleamalatu-aleimarat min manzur aliaqtisad al'iislamii, du: zayn bin muhamad alrumani, ta: dar tawiq alrayad, ta:1, 2001m. • mushkilat albitalat waeilajuha, jamal hasan 'ahmad eisaa, ta: alyamamat bayrut, ta:1, 2000m. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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