Heterosis and the combining ability of a two-line system in hybrid wheat production as a hybrid wheat technology in Egypt | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research | ||||
| Article 25, Volume 101, Issue 2, July 2023, Page 591-605 PDF (890.58 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.191980.1338 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Sedhom A.M. Abdelkhalik   ; Adel A. Hagras; Khaled E. Ragab
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| Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute (FCRI), Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This study was carried out at the experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, ARC, Egypt, to identify the best parents with high combining ability and superior hybrid cross combinations under Egyptian conditions. Three thermo-photosensitive genic male sterile (TPSGMS) lines as female parents and 49 restorer lines as males were crossed according to the line tester hybridization method. The ratio of general combining ability (GCA) to specific combining ability (SCA) variances showed values less than unity for all studied traits, indicating predominantly non-additive gene effects in controlling their inheritance. The GCA values for sterile line S1 were higher than those of lines S2 and S3 in seven out of ten characters. The restorer line R16 and both lines R31 and R34 had a significantly positive GCA in eight and seven characters, respectively. The crosses S1/R8 and S3/R42 had the highest positive SCA values in three characters, including grain yield. In this study, heterosis over the Sakha 95 check variety reached 80.63, 71.27, 55.16, 26.07, and 24.49% for KS, SW, GY, TKW, and SP-1, respectively. The crosses S2/R34 and S1/R16 showed the highest significant positive heterosis estimates (55.16 and 54.43%, respectively) over the standard check for grain yield. Also, the crosses of S1/R16 and S1/R37 had the highest significant positive heterosis estimates over both the better parent (65.81 and 46.64%, respectively) and the mid parent (70.75 and 52.55%, respectively) for grain yield. The results showed a significant increase in heterosis over Sakha 95 check in twelve hybrids, and we recommend evaluating these hybrids in multiplications representing environmental conditions to benefit from them in raising wheat productivity in wide areas in Egypt. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Hybrid wheat; TPSGMS; Combining ability; Heterosis | ||||
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