Archaeological Discoveries at Wadi Qarn, Taif City, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| حولية الاتحاد العام للآثاريين العرب "دراسات فى آثار الوطن العربى" | ||||
| Article 26, Volume 26, Issue 26, 2023, Page 29-58 PDF (3.73 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/cguaa.2023.185777.1155 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
Mohamed A. El-Tonssy 
| ||||
| Professor of Ancient Archeology Faculty of Arts Helwan University-Cairo-Egypt & Faculty of Arts Taif University-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This paper deals with ten rock engravings discovered recently at the sandstone hills of the archaeological site of Wadi Qarn, to the north-west of Taif city. Although this rock art in Wadi Qarn has been well-known to the locals in the area for many years ago, it has not yet been scientifically documented. Trying to shed light on the archaeological history of Taif province, this paper gives the full scientific publication for ten engravings which have not been published before. This work can guide future studies on rock art sites in valleys like Taif or other locations. It became clear through the study that the site of Wadi Qarn represents a great importance in the development of rock art history in Saudi Arabia. The study concluded that the Rock art site of Wadi Qarn at Taif is dated to the Neolithic Period to the end of the Bronze Age. يتناول هذا البحث بالدراسة والتحليل نشر عشرة رسوم صخرية اكتشفت مؤخراً في منطقة وادي قرن الأثرية شمال غرب مدينة الطائف. وأنه على الرغم من أن الفن الصخري في وادي قرن معروف جيدًا لدى السكان المحليين في المنطقة منذ سنوات عديدة، إلا أنه لم يتم توثيقه بشكل كامل علميًا حتى الآن. وفي محاولة لإلقاء الضوء على التاريخ الأثري لمحافظة الطائف من خلال رحلة عبر الماضي، يقدم هذا البحث أدلة علمية للباحثين الجدد لتركيز دراساتهم المستقبلية على النقوش الحجرية في الوديان المماثلة في الطائف، والتي تشير إلى أن الطائف كانت محطة للاستقرار والاستيطان الحضاري تارة، والترحال تارة أخرى، منذ الالف الثاني قبل الميلاد على أقل تقدير. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| petroglyphs; Wadi Qarn; Taif rock art; west Saudi Arabia رسوم صخرية; نقوش صخرية; وادي قرن; الفن صخري بالطائف; غرب المملكة العربية السعودية | ||||
| References | ||||
|
References - Adams, R., Parr, P., Ibrahim, M., & Mughannum, A., »Report on the First Phase of the Comprehensive, Archaeological Survey Program», Atlal: Journal of Saudi Arabia Archaeology 1, No. 21, 1977, 40. - Aksoy, C, « A Combat Archaeology Viewpoint on Weapon Representations in Northwest Arabian Rock Art», Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry 17, No. 4, 2017, 1-17. - Alansary, A, Ghazel, A., & King, G., Alula wa Madain Salih Hadharat Madaintaeen, Riyadh: King Saud University, 2005. - Al Salameen, Z., « Jabal Haroun during the Islamic Period: A Study in the Light of Newly Discovered Inscriptions », Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 18, 2007, 258-264. - Anati, E., Rock Art in Central Arabia, Vol. 1, The Oval Headed People of Arabia, Louvain: Bibliothèque du Muséon, 1972. - ………: Rock Art in Central Arabia, Vol. 4: Corpus of the Rock Engravings, Louvain: Bibliothèque du Muséon, 1974. - bednarik, r. & khan, m., «A Chronology of Saudi Arabia Rock Art », XXVI Volcamonica Symposium 2015, 1-6. - Bere, R., Antelopes: The World of Animals, New York, 1970. - Biella, J, Dictionary of the Old South Arabic Sabaean Dialect, Harvard Semitic Museum, 1982. - brauer, r., « The Camel and its Role Shaping Mideastern Nomad Societies», Comparative Civilizations Review 28, 1993, 106‒151. - carter, a., « Christianity in the Gulf during the First Centuries of Islam », Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 19, 2008, 71-108. - dhaifallah, a., «Almulihiah: A Rock Art Site in the Hail Region », Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 23, No.1, Saudi Arabia, 2012, 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0471.2011.00350.x - dunham, k., « A Population Growth of Mountain Gazelles Gazella Reintroduced to Central Arabi», Biological Conservation 81, 1997, 205-214. - el-tonssy, m., « Archaeological Study of Unpublished Rock Art Inscriptions at Taif », CUGAA 22, 2019, 21-40. - Fossati, A., « Current Finds in the Rock Art Research of Oman: A Review and Update », Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 17, No. 4, 2017, 75-88. - Gabban, A., «The Inscription of Zuhayr, The Oldest Islamic Inscription (24 AH⁄AD 644–645), The Rise of the Arabic Script and the Nature of the Early Islamic State», Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 19, 2008, 210-237. - goriup, p., «The World Status of the Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis Undulata», Birds Conservation International 7, No. 4, 1997, 373-397. - guagnin, m., jennings, r., clark- balzan, l., groucutt, h., parton, a. & petraglia, m., «Hunters and Herders: Exploring the Neolithic Transition in the Rock Art of Shuwaymis, Saudi Arabia», Archaeological Research in Asia 4, 2015, 3-16. - Hitti, P., History of the Arabs, 10 TH ed., Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2002. - irfan, s., « Christianity among the Arabs in Pre-Islamic Times», Journal of Sematic Studies 26, 1981, 150-153. - jennings, m., »The Birds of Saudi Arabia: Past, Present and Future», Proceedings of the 1st Symposium Wildlife Conservation and Development in Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1989, 255–262. - Johnson, K., & Burley, N., « Mating Tactics and Mating System of Birds», Omithological Monographs 49, 1997, 21-60. - junior,v., valle ,r., sullasi, h. & oliveria, d., «Direct Dating of Petroglyphs in Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil», Rock Art Research 35, No.1, 2018, 85-97. - Khan, M., « Rock Art Research in the Arabian Peninsula, Levant and Anatolia, World Rock Art serios, London, 1996. - ………….., Wusum- The Tribal Symbols of Saudi Arabia, Vol. 1, Riyadh, Ministry of Education, 2000, 57-59. - …………., « Rock Art of Saudi Arabia », Arts 2, No.4, 2013, 447-475. - ………….., « From Prehistoric to Nomadic Art – A Synopsis of the History and Development of Tribal Art in Saudi Arabia», American International Journal of Social Science 8 No.2, 2019, 71-80. - Kingwood, s. & David P.,Antelopes: Global Survey and Regional Action Plans, part 4: North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, IUCN, Cambridge, 2001. - Lammens, H., «La cité arabe de Ṭaʾif à la veille de l’hégire», MFOB viii , 1922, 113-327. - Livingstone, A., & Khan, M., «Epigraphic Survey 1404–1984 », Atlal : Journal of Saudi Arabia Archaeology 9, 1985, 128–144. - macdonald, d., « The Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Saudi Arabia: Loose-knit Groupings in the Absence of Territoriality », Journal of Zoology Volume 249, No. 4 , 1999, 383 – 391. - Macdonald, M., & Searight, A., « Inscriptions and Rock Art of the Jawa Area », ADAJ 26, 1983, 571–576. - Maraqten, M., «Hunting in Pre-Islamic Arabia in Light of the Epigraphic Evidence», Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 26, 2015, 208-234. - masoud, m., « Rainfall-runoff Modeling of Ungauged Wadis in Arid Environments (Case Study Wadi Rabigh- Saudi Arabia) », Arabian Journal of Geosciences 8, No. 5, 2014, 2587–2606. - miles, g., « Early Islamic Inscriptions Near Ṭāʾif in the Ḥijāz», Journal of Near Eastern Studies 7, No. 4, 1948, 236-242. - moosavi, s., grose, m. & lake, p., «Wadis as Dryland River Parks: Challenges and Opportunities in Designing with Hydro-Ecological Dynamics», Landscape Research 45, No. 2, 2020, 193-213. - Woodard, R (ed.), The Ancient Languages of Syria Palestine and Arabia, Cambridge, Nebes, N., & Stein, P., 2008. - Ostrowski, S., Williams, J., Mesochina, P. & Sauerwein, H., «Physiological Acclimation of a Desert Antelope, Arabian Oryx (Oryx leucoryx), to Long-term Food and Water Restriction», Journal of Comparative Physiology B 176, 2006, 191-201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-005-0040-0 - parr, p., holding. j., & dayton. j., « Preliminary Survey in N.W. Arabia , 1968 », Bulletin of Institute of Archeology, 1970, 193-242. - sharafaddin, a., « Some Islamic Inscriptions Discovered on the Darb Zubayda », Atlal: Journal of Saudi Arabia Archaeology 1, 1977, 69–70, pls. 49-50. - Zarins J., & Walen, N., « The Comprehensive Archaeological Survey Program », Atlal: Journal of Saudi Arabia Archaeology 4, 1980, 30-31.
| ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 192 PDF Download: 243 |
||||
