Histopathological and Neurotransmitter Changes in Albino Rats’ Brain after Consumption of Energy Drink in Egypt | ||||
| Ain Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology | ||||
| Volume 41, Issue 2, July 2023, Page 14-23 PDF (1.81 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ajfm.2023.308109 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Dalia Hassan 1; Sherien Ghaleb2; EL-Shimaa EL-NAHASS3; Mariam Erian1; Ahmed Sobhi1
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| 1Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| 3Department of pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Energy drinks are carbonated non-alcoholic beverages, used during exercise and different sports for increasing physical strength and mental alertness. Recently they are widely used by different ages of male and female. Visits to the emergency department due to energy drinks consumption were doubled from 2007 to 2011. Most of Energy drinks have attractive names as to express the speed, power, and strength. Energy drinks have a lot of ingredients and some of them are not approved by the food and drug administration (FDA). Methods: A total of eighty adult albino rats were divided randomly into four groups (20 per each). Control group: not exposed to any treatment and received tap water. Second, third and fourth group received a dose of (3.8ml\100g) of body weight for 3 weeks orally of three different energy drinks brands available in Egyptian markets (Power horse, Red bull, Sting) respectively. Results: Our results concerning energy drinks effects on brain disclosed significant increase of stimulant neurotransmitters of norepinephrine and dopamine with significant decrease of inhibitory neurotransmitter of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in response to high dose of energy drinks, which were consistent with findings of histopathological examination that showed severe degenerative changes and necrosis of neural cells of the brain on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus neurons, indicating toxic effect of energy drinks on neurons of the brain. Conclusion: Energy drinks consumption in high dose had marked hyper stimulating toxic effects on brain stimulatory neurotransmitters and degeneration of neurons in different regions of the brain. Received in original form: 6 March 2023 Accepted in a final form: 29 June 2023 | ||||
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