The therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in experimentally induced hypertensive encephalopathy | ||||
| Journal of Medical Histology | ||||
| Article 2, Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2022, Page 16-33 PDF (6.46 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jmh.2022.145535.1100 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Asmaa Kattaia1; Samia Abd EL-Baset   1; Rehab Abdul-Maksoud2; Eman Mohamed2
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| 1Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology ,Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt | ||||
| 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background and objectives: Cerebrovascular complications of hypertension are highly dangerous. In recent studies, exosomes have been widely used in several disease research areas, including hypertension research. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) release high levels of exosomes. Therefore, we investigated the role of MSC-derived exosomes in alleviating hypertensioninduced changes in the cerebral cortex of a rat model. Methods: A total of 30 rats were assigned to control, hypertensive, and exosome-treated groups which received 100 μg MSCderived exosomes total protein via tail vein. Tissue samples were examined for gene expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and light and electron microscopy. Results and conclusion: BExosome treatment recovered blood vessels, neural cells and blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations as verified by upregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mRNA, downregulated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mRNA, and enhanced angiogenic factors, miRNA-222 and Tie2 protein. Exosomes exerted anti-apoptotic effects by increasing Bcl-xl expression and decreasing caspase 3 protein levels in immune histochemical sections. The anti-inflammatory potential of exosomes was indicated by reduced IL-1β mRNA and microglia activation factor Iba1 protein levels. Neuronal protection was supported by upregulated miRNA-133b and calbindin D28K (CB) protein levels. Moreover, the astrocyte vascular feet protein aquaporin (AQP4) was downregulated. MSC-derived exosomes may be considered a novel strategy for treating cerebral hypertension complications | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Cerebral cortex; Exosomes; Hypertension; Rat | ||||
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