Development of Cloud Point Extraction for Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Entecavir as Antiviral Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Application to Content Uniformity Testing
Gouda, A., Shohaib, R., Garoub, M., Fawzy, E., Mahmoud, M., Abdel Allem, A., El Sayed, A., Jumaa, N., Ibrahim, A. (2024). Development of Cloud Point Extraction for Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Entecavir as Antiviral Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Application to Content Uniformity Testing. EKB Journal Management System, 67(2), 135-144. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.212041.7996
Ayman A Gouda; Ragaa Elsheek Shohaib; Mohannad M Garoub; Eman Fawzy; Moataz S Mahmoud; Ahmed F. Abdel Allem; Ahmed El Sayed; Nesma M. Jumaa; Alyaa S. Ibrahim. "Development of Cloud Point Extraction for Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Entecavir as Antiviral Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Application to Content Uniformity Testing". EKB Journal Management System, 67, 2, 2024, 135-144. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.212041.7996
Gouda, A., Shohaib, R., Garoub, M., Fawzy, E., Mahmoud, M., Abdel Allem, A., El Sayed, A., Jumaa, N., Ibrahim, A. (2024). 'Development of Cloud Point Extraction for Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Entecavir as Antiviral Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Application to Content Uniformity Testing', EKB Journal Management System, 67(2), pp. 135-144. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.212041.7996
Gouda, A., Shohaib, R., Garoub, M., Fawzy, E., Mahmoud, M., Abdel Allem, A., El Sayed, A., Jumaa, N., Ibrahim, A. Development of Cloud Point Extraction for Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Entecavir as Antiviral Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Application to Content Uniformity Testing. EKB Journal Management System, 2024; 67(2): 135-144. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.212041.7996

Development of Cloud Point Extraction for Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Entecavir as Antiviral Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Application to Content Uniformity Testing

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 67, Issue 2, February 2024, Page 135-144  XML PDF (536.66 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.212041.7996
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Authors
Ayman A Gouda email orcid 1; Ragaa Elsheek Shohaib2; Mohannad M Garoub3; Eman Fawzy1; Moataz S Mahmoud1; Ahmed F. Abdel Allem1; Ahmed El Sayed1; Nesma M. Jumaa1; Alyaa S. Ibrahim1
1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
2Professor of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Elzakazik University, Egypt
3Occupational Health Department, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Entecavir (ENT), an antiviral medication, has been identified using two simple, sensitive, accurate, and precise spectrophotometric approaches that have been developed and verified. In order to produce a yellow-coloured Schiff's base product that can be detected at a maximum wavelength of 402 nm, ENT reacts with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (p-DMAB) in an acidic solution. This reaction is the basis for method A. Under ideal conditions, the concentration range of 20-400 μg mL-1 agrees with Beer's law due to its excellent correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.9988) and low relative standard deviation (RSD% = 1.80). The method B approach uses cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Triton X-114 as surfactants at a maximum wavelength of 415 nm to measure the amount of the yellow colour product using a cloud point extraction (CPE) methodology. Beer's law was seen to be obeyed in the concentration range of 0.1-3.0 μg mL-1, with a r2 value of 0.9995 and an RSD% of 1.50. The ideal reaction conditions include the molar ratio, solvent type, reagent concentration, and reaction time. The detection and quantification limits were calculated. With the regularly used excipients and additives, no interaction was noticed. The suggested techniques for measuring ENT in its pharmaceutical formulations were successfully applied, and the findings for pure ENT and commercial tablets were in good agreement with those from the reported approach.
Keywords
Entecavir; p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde; Spectrophotometry; Cloud point extraction; Dosage forms; Content uniformity
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