Usability: A proposed framework to verify the effectiveness of GUIs design | ||||
| International Design Journal | ||||
| Article 28, Volume 13, Issue 5, September and October 2023, Page 383-400 PDF (1.96 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/idj.2023.312648 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Osama Ali ElSayed Nada1; Mina Dawood2 | ||||
| 1Asst. Prof. of Industrial Design Department, Faculty of Applied Arts – Benha University | ||||
| 2Lecturer, Industrial Design Department, Faculty of Applied Arts – Damietta University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The concept of Usability is a term that has been activated on a large scale in the field of designing products, systems, and services, and it refers to the ease of use of industrial products efficiently and effectively. As a direct result of applying the concept of Usability within any system or interactive product, it has become a general concept and an integral part of the development of programs dedicated to interactive products, and it is still an important topic in the field of information technology. It is done by creating a scenario and a fictitious user persona, and the research discusses testing the actual Graphical User Interfaces that were created by interaction designers to determine whether they meet the expectations of users, and the following points in particular: 1) Is the information displayed correctly? 2) Is the interface intuitive enough to understand its functionality? 3) Is navigation between elements clear and convenient? 4) Is the function flow path easy to follow? 5) Does the interface provide an appropriate level of support to the user during each step of the task being performed? , 6) Do users find the interface attractive and pleasant to use? ; In general, using a set of predefined criteria and conducting several tests on graphical interfaces with different geometric subdivisions, the success of interactive interface design was evaluated more accurately, and moreover, more general conclusions were drawn about the factors behind the success of the graphical interface design process. As well as determining the best ways to achieve optimal results, this paper discusses the various concepts related to the Usability test of interaction interfaces and shows how they can be applied to improve the overall quality of Graphical User Interface design by studying the division of design spaces within user interfaces in the form of engineering units, It also discusses the improvements that can be made to enrich the user experience, increase the effectiveness of the interactive product interface, and improve the overall user experience. Methodology With the advancement of information technology, particularly the use of mobile and interactive devices in many tasks, the need for portable, simple, and convenient user interfaces has grown significantly. As a result, improving Usability has become a major problem in the development of user interfaces, and one of the main problems in this field is represented in user-friendly interface design. We explore several aspects of this theoretical model, including factors that can negatively affect users' performance and the relationship between performance and satisfaction. The research also explores several techniques that can be applied to improve the overall performance of users in interactive systems. Finally, we present a theoretical framework to enhance the concept of Usability. Based on performance model concepts, our proposed framework can be used to identify issues with users' performance as well as generate recommendations on how to improve the system. Major results After the process of designing traditional industrial products evolved into designing smart and interactive products, the need arose to provide these products with interactive interfaces called Graphical User Interfaces-GUIs, and ergonomics had to evolve to set the necessary standards that made the user the center of those activities introduced in the design and product development processes. The concept of Usability supports the user, since the user is the center of the user-centered design process, and when applied to the interactive design activities of products with Graphical User Interfaces, the user is the center of the User-Centered GUIs design process. A proposed framework was presented as a comprehensive procedural model for designing Graphical User Interfaces in more efficient and effective ways, as a guide during the process of designing interfaces for interactive products, systems, and services, as well as promoting the concept of Usability of interactive products in general. Increase the efficiency of user interactions with products and systems with Graphical User Interfaces by a significant percentage when applying the proposed framework and assist the designer in choosing the most appropriate way to accomplish the design activities necessary to design and create Graphical User Interfaces. The concept of Usability works to increase the efficiency of interactive products and systems as one of the measurement and verification systems. It can be used to support the design activities of Graphical User Interfaces conceptually and procedurally, because it follows many methods that support the procedures for designing interactive product interfaces. GUIs design practitioners and specialists acquire the ability to design efficient and effective interactive interfaces, and by following the proposed framework, this would develop sufficiently knowledgeable interactive interfaces to enhance the concept of Usability. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Ergonomics; Interaction Design; Usability; HCI; Graphical User Interface-GUI; User Experience-UX | ||||
|
Supplementary Files
|
||||
| References | ||||
|
Adhitya, C., Andreswari, R., & Alam, P. F. (2021, February 1). Analysis and Design of UI and UX Web-Based Application in Maiproyek Startup Using User Centered Design Method in Information System Program of Telkom University. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1077(1), 012039. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1077/1/012039
Ahmed, ElSamany AbdElmoteleb, Dawood, Mina Eshaq Tawfilis, & Ebrahim, Omar Mohamed Ahmed. (2022). Ergonomics For Upgrading User Experience and Improve Usability. Alqulzum Scientific Journal, 13. Article 5. 93-110.
Ahmed, S. (2008, March). A comparison of usability techniques for evaluating information retrieval system interfaces. Performance Measurement and Metrics, 9, 48–58. doi:10.1108/14678040810869422
Amer, Ayman Mouhamed Afifi, & Dawood, Mina Eshaq Tawfilis. (2020). Robot Ergonomics: A cognitive scenario of the new Behavioral Objects. International Design Journal, 10 (3). Article 26. 319-331. DOI: 10.21608/idj.2020.96353.
Arimetrics. (2021, November 16). Graphical User Interface (GUI) - Definition and Examples. Arimetrics. Retrieved January 8, 2023, from https://www.arimetrics.com/en/digital-glossary/graphical-user-interface-gui.
Avramidis, E. (2017, October 1). QE::GUI – A Graphical User Interface for Quality Estimation. The Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, 109(1), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1515/pralin-2017-0038
Baharuddin, R., Singh, D., & & Razali, R. (2013, February). Usability Dimensions for Mobile Applications-A Review. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology textasciigrave, 11, 2225-2231. doi:10.19026/rjaset.5.4776
Baharuddin, R., Singh, D., & Razali, R. (2013, February 21). Usability Dimensions for Mobile Applications-A Review. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology `, 11, 2225-2231. doi:10.19026/rjaset.5.4776
Beck, A., Janssen, C., Weisbecker, A., & Ziegler, J. (1994). Integrating object-oriented analysis and graphical user interface design. In Software Engineering and Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 127-140). Sorrento, Italy; Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/bfb0035811
Benyon, D., Green, T., & Bental, D. (2011). Conceptual Modeling for User Interface Development. Conceptual Modeling for User Interface Development, 53-60. Springer London. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-0797-2
Brandl, A. (2002). Graphical User Interfaces design. 167-178. doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0421-3_15
Cabral, R., Campos, I., Cowan, D., & Lucena, C. (1990, April). Interfaces as specifications in the MIDAS user interface development systems. ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 15, 55-69. doi:10.1145/382296.382704
Carlsen, N., & Christensen, N. (1990). Modelling User Interface Software. In User Interface Management and Design (pp. 87-100). Lisbon, Portugal; Berlin, Heidelberg; Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76283-3_10
Carroll, J., & Mentis, H. (2008). THE USEFUL INTERFACE EXPERIENCE: THE ROLE AND TRANSFORMATION OF USABILITY. In Product Experience (pp. 499-514). Elsevier. doi:10.1016/b978-008045089-6.50024-1
Constantine, L., & Lockwood, L. (1995). Use cases in task modeling and user interface design. In CHI '99 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '99 (Vol. 2, pp. 34–46). ACM Press. doi:10.1145/632716.632935
Constantine, L., & Lockwood, L. (2001). Use cases in task modeling and user interface design. In CHI '99 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '99 (pp. 245–280). ACM Press. doi:10.1145/632716.632935
Darmawan, R. (2013, November). Pengalaman, Usability, dan Antarmuka Grafis: Sebuah Penelusuran Teoritis. ITB Journal of Visual Art and Design, 4, 95-102. doi:10.5614/itbj.vad.2013.4.2.1
Dawood, Mina Eshaq Tawfilis. (2017). 4D Ergonomics Modeling in the Interaction Design field. Unpublished Master Thesis. Arab Republic of Egypt: Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University.
Dawood, Mina Eshaq Tawfilis. (2021a). The Impact of Interaction Design in Innovating a Scenario of Robot Ergonomics. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Arab Republic of Egypt: Faculty of Applied Arts, Damietta University.
Dawood, Mina Eshaq Tawfilis. (2021b). Robot Ergonomics: Giving the Behavioral Objects a dynamic presence. International Design Journal, 11(5). Article 23. 293-304. DOI: 10.21608/idj.2021.191705.
Defriani, M., Islami, L. N., & Hermanto, T. I. (2022, July 27). UI/UX Design of Ineffable Psychological Counseling Mobile Application Using Design Thinking Method. SinkrOn, 7(3), 962–973. https://doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v7i3.11582
Elfar, M., & Dawood, M. (2023, June). Using Artiicial Intelligence for Enhancing Human Creativity. Using Artiicial Intelligence for Enhancing Human Creativity, 2. Helwan University. doi:10.55554/2785-9649.1017
Elgazzar, Mahmoud Ahmed Gouda, & Dawood, Mina Eshaq Tawfilis. (2023). Usability: Improving UI/UX in Design by challenges of Materials Innovations. International Design Journal, 13(1). Article 3. 37-56. DOI: 10.21608/IDJ.2023.276010
Experience, N. (2022, December 22). What Is a Graphical User Interface? Netizen Experience. Retrieved January 5, 2023, from https://www.netizenexperience.com/blog/graphical-user-interface/.
Foley, J. (1987, April). Transformations on a formal specification of user-computer interfaces. ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 21, 109-113. doi:10.1145/24919.24926
Foley, J. (1988). Models and Tools for the Designers of User-Computer Interfaces. In Theoretical Foundations of Computer Graphics and CAD (pp. 1121-1151). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-83539-1_49
Foley, J., Chul, W., Kovacevic, S., & Murray, K. (1988, July). The User Interface Design Environment. ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 20, 77-78. doi:10.1145/49103.1046452
Foley, J., Gibbs, C., & Kovacevic, S. (1988, May). A knowledge-based user interface management system. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '88 (pp. 67–72). ACM Press. doi:10.1145/57167.57178
Garmer, K., Liljegren, E., Osvalder, A.-L., & Dahlman, S. (2000, July). Usability Evaluation of a New User Interface for an Infusion Pump Developed with a Human Factors Approach. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 44, 128-131. doi:10.1177/154193120004400134
Griffiths, T., Barclay, P., Paton, N., Mckirdy, J., Kennedy, J., Gray, P., . . . Da Silva, P. (2001, December). Teallach: a model-based user interface development environment for object databases. Interacting with Computers, 14, 31-68. doi:10.1016/s0953-5438(01)00042-x
Guerrero, C., & Lula, B. (2002, May). A Model-Guided and Task-Based Approach to User Interface Design Centered in a Unified Interaction and Architectural Model. In Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III (pp. 119-129). Valenciennes, France; Netherlands: Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0421-3_11
Han, S., Yun, M., Kwahk, J., & Hong, S. (2001, September). Usability of consumer electronic products. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 28, 143-151. doi:10.1016/s0169-8141(01)00025-7
Hasan, H. S., Hussein, M., Saad, S. M., & Dzahir, M. A. M. (2019, April). Graphical User Interface (GUI) for Local Positioning System Based on Labview. International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, 9(2), 236–241. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijmlc.2019.9.2.792
Herrmann, M., & Hill, R. (1989, August). Abstraction and Declarativness in User Interface Development. The Methological Basis of the Composite Object Architecture. In IFIP Congress (pp. 253–258). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76283-3_24
Hope. (2021). What is a GUI (Graphical User Interface)? What Is a GUI (Graphical User Interface)? Retrieved January 8, 2023, from https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/g/gui.htm.
Hucke, W. L. (1998, June 1). Performance Enhancements to Joint Army/Navy Rotorcraft Analysis and Design (JANRAD) Software and Graphical User Interface (GUI). NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA. https://doi.org/10.1604/9781423559412
Hurley, W., & Sibert, J. (1989, January). Modeling user interface-application interactions. IEEE Software, 6, 71–77. doi:10.1109/52.16904
Hussey, A. (1997, July 18). Object-oriented Specification and Design of User-interfaces. In Human-Computer Interaction INTERACT ’97 (pp. 632-635). Sydney, Australia; US: Springer US. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-35175-9_111
Jacob, R. (1983, April). Using formal specifications in the design of a human-computer interface. Communications of the ACM, 26, 259-264. doi:10.1145/2163.358093
Joo, H. S. (2017, December 31). A Study on the development of experts according to UI / UX understanding. KOREA SCIENCE & ART FORUM, 31, 401–411. https://doi.org/10.17548/ksaf.2017.12.30.401
Joo, K. M., & Kim, H. (2017, June 30). A Study on Mobile Application UI/UX Design of Color Conversion for the Color Vision Defectives. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY DESIGN CULTURE, 23(2), 669–682. https://doi.org/10.18208/ksdc.2017.23.2.669
Lapacik, C. F. (1998, March 1). Development of Graphical User Interface (GUI) for Joint Army/Navy Rotorcraft Analysis and Design (JANRAD) Software. NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA. https://doi.org/10.1604/9781423561293
Lecerof, A., & & Paternò, F. (1998). Automatic support for usability evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 24, 863-888. doi:10.1109/32.729686
Lee, E., Hall, F., Bowers, A., Yang, S., Bass, L., Lemke, A., & Shan, Y. (1990, May). User-interface development tools. IEEE software, 7, 31–36. doi:10.1109/52.55225
Leuthold, S., Bargas-Avila, J., & Opwis, K. (2008, April). Beyond web content accessibility guidelines: Design of enhanced text user interfaces for blind internet users. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 66, 257-270. doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2007.10.006
Ljung, L. (1994, July). A Graphical User Interface (GUI) to the System Identification Toolbox. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 27(8), 1625. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)47951-1
Meinecke. (2020). https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-graphical-user-interface-gui-definition-components-examples.html. What Is a Graphical User Interface (GUI)? - Definition, Components & Examples. Retrieved January 8, 2023, from https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-graphical-user-interface-gui-definition-components-examples.html.
Molina, P., & Trætteberg, H. (2004). Analysis and Design of Model-Based User Interfaces. In Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces IV (pp. 211-222). Funchal, Isle of Madeira; Netherlands: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/1-4020-3304-4_17
Murano, P. (2005). WHY ANTHROPOMORPHIC USER INTERFACE FEEDBACK CAN BE EFFECTIVE AND PREFERRED BY USERS. In Enterprise Information Systems VII (pp. 241-248). Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5347-4_27
Nada, O., & Dawood, M. (2023, May). Designing an adjustable electricity extension plug board to enhance the concept of Usability. Journal of Heritage and Design, 3, 1–23. doi:10.21608/jsos.2022.131531.1195
Nada, Osama Ali ElSayed, & Dawood, Mina Eshaq Tawfilis. (2022). Digital Twin: Methodologies for modeling the Work Environment during the Design and Development processes. International Design Journal, 12(5). Article 22. 225-242. DOI: 10.21608/IDJ.2022.260602.
Nasution, W. S. L., & Nusa, P. (2021, August 29). UI/UX Design Web-Based Learning Application Using Design Thinking Method. ARRUS Journal of Engineering and Technology, 1(1), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.35877/jetech532
Norman, K., & Panizzi, E. (2006, March). Levels of automation and user participation in usability testing. Interacting with Computers, 18, 246-264. doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2005.06.002
Phillips, C., Mehandjiska, D., Griffin, D., Choi, M. D., & Page, D. (1998). The usability component of a framework for the evaluation of OO CASE tools. Proceedings. 1998 International Conference Software Engineering: Education and Practice (Cat. No.98EX220). 98, pp. 134–141. IEEE Comput. Soc. doi:10.1109/seep.1998.707643
Quigley, A. J., & Bodea, F. (2010). Face-to-face collaborative interfaces. Human-Centric Interfaces for Ambient Intelligence, 3–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374708-2.00001-2
Rifki, M. A., & Haryono, K. (2023, January 31). User Interface (UI) Design and User Experience (UX) for Mobile-based Quranic Memorizing using the Lean UX. SISTEMASI, 12(1), 139. https://doi.org/10.32520/stmsi.v12i1.2392 | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 249 PDF Download: 220 |
||||
