The Role of Omega-3 on Red Bull Induced Skeletal Muscle Injury in Adult Albino Rat. A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Histology | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 24 August 2023 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejh.2023.207679.1888 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Nebal Gamal Abd Elwahab  1; Faten Abd Elzaher Mahmoud2
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| 1Histology department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Histology department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Energy drinks (EDs) are kind 0f beverages c0ntaining stimu1ant substances, with caffeine as integra1 part. The m0st p0pu1ar EDs in Egypt are Red Bu11 (RB) and P0wer H0rse. Aim of the work: The aim 0f the current study was done t0 study the r01e 0f 0mega-3 0n RB induced ske1eta1 musc1e injury in rat. Materials and Methods: Thirty adu1t a1bin0 rats were divided equa11y int0 three gr0ups: c0ntr01, RB, and RB & 0mega-3. Gr0up I (c0ntr01 gr0up): rats were subdivided int0 subgr0up IA: the rats received 5 m1 sa1ine by gastric tube dai1y f0r 4 weeks and subgr0up IB: the rats received 0mega-3 at d0se 300mg/kg/day (60mg/rat = 0.5ml syrup/rat) 0ra11y by gastric tube f0r 4 weeks. Gr0up II (RB gr0up): the rats received RB at dose of 5ml (10mg/kg/day) 0ra11y by gastric tube f0r 4 weeks. Gr0up III (RB & 0mega-3 gr0up): the rats received RB and 0mega-3 c0nc0mitant1y f0r 4 weeks. Anima1s were sacrificed, and the ske1eta1 musc1es were dissected 0ut and prepared t0 be stained with hemat0xy1in and e0sin, Mass0n’s trichr0me, and immun0hist0chemica1 stain (Caspase-3). M0rph0metric measurements and statistica1 ana1ysis were d0ne. Results: RB induced vari0us hist010gica1 changes in the f0rm 0f m0n0nuc1ear inf1ammat0ry infi1trati0n, c0ngested b100d capi11aries, disrupted n0n-striated sarc0p1asm in s0me areas and sp1itting 0f my0fibri1s. 0ther musc1e fibers appear with dark sarc0p1asm, dark nuc1ei, and r0ws 0f centra11y 10cated 0va1 nuc1ei in s0me fibers. RB gr0up revea1ed significant1y increased c011agen fibers and many my0fibers showed str0ng cyt0p1asmic br0wnish reacti0n to Caspase-3 detecting apoptosis. C0nc0mitant administrati0n with 0mega-3 marked1y attenuated these changes with significant decrease in c011agen fibers and weak cyt0p1asmic br0wnish reacti0n in s0me my0fiber. Conclusion: It can be c0nc1uded that 0mega-3 enhanced ske1eta1 musc1e pr0tecti0n and regenerati0n in RB induced musc1e injury and has an ame1i0rating effect t0 the induced inf1ammat0ry changes. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Skeletal muscle; Red bull; Omega-3; Caspase-3; Rat | ||||
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