Nano copper-organic framework as a delivery system to improve the efficiency of commercially available drugs for cryptosporidiosis: In vivo experimental study | ||||
| Parasitologists United Journal | ||||
| Article 8, Volume 16, Issue 2, August 2023, Page 139-147 PDF (606.94 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/PUJ.2023.205385.1210 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Nagat Soliman1; Marwa Naguib2; Khaled Abd El-Razik3; Ashraf Barakat4; Reda Abdelhameed5; Hemat Ali  6
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| 1Departments of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 2Departments of Medical Parasitology ,Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha ,Egypt | ||||
| 3Departments of Animal Reproduction , Research Centre | ||||
| 4Departments of Zoonotic Diseases | ||||
| 5Departments of Applied Organic Chemistry, Research Centre, Chemical Industries Research Institute Egypt | ||||
| 6Departments of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Considering low efficacy, and high toxicity of the commonly used drugs in cryptosporidiosis, in addition to the development of drug resistance, trial for a novel approach is required. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Nifuroxazide (Antinal), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Septrin), Nitazoxanide (NTZ), loaded-on copper-benzene tricarboxylate (Cu-BTC) metal organic frameworks (MOH) for treatment of Cryptosporidium-experimentally infected mice. Material and Methods: Ninety male Swiss albino mice were divided into nine groups. Except for the 1st group (control negative), all mice were infected with 103 Cryptosporidium oocysts. Except for 2nd group < br />(infected non treated), the remaining groups of infected mice were administered the tested drugs 2nd day post infection (PI) for 7 days. Daily stool examination for oocyst shedding from day 3 to 18 PI was conducted to evaluate drugs’ efficacy. Furthermore, to confirm Cryptosporidium complete eradication, real time PCR (RT-PCR) was performed on stool samples collected after 3 weeks PI. Survival rate was also calculated for 3 weeks PI (at 7th, 14th and 21st d) to detect drugs’ efficacy. Besides, physical characterization and toxicity of Cu-BTC were performed before mice treatment. Results: Electron micrographs revealed 300-500 nm pyramidal crystals of Cu-BTC. Non-loaded Antinal, Septrin, and NTZ showed 67.2%, 62.2% and 76.6% reduction in oocyst shedding, while loaded drugs showed 88.4%, 66.7%, and 98.3% reduction, respectively. Additionally, RT-PCR revealed that the best treatment for cryptosporidiosis was NTZ@Cu-BTC, followed by antinal@Cu-BTC. Interestingly, using Cu- BTC alone had a relative positive therapeutic effect. Concerning the survival rate, Cu-BTC alone had 90% total survival that increased to100% when Cu-BTC was incorporated with studied drugs in all treated groups. Conclusion: The results indicated that Cu-BTC is an efficient delivery system that improved the efficacy of the commonly used drugs. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| antinal; cryptosporidiosis; Cu-BTC; delivery system; nitazoxanide; septrin; therapeutic efficacy | ||||
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