تغير الفتوى مراعاةً لتحقيق مقاصد الشرع ومصالح الخلق | ||||
مجلة کلية الدراسات الإسلامية والعربية للبنات بالإسکندرية | ||||
Volume 39, Issue 6, 2023, Page 1033-1118 PDF (1.59 MB) | ||||
DOI: 10.21608/bfda.2023.321046 | ||||
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Author | ||||
عبير علي عبدالله المنار | ||||
مدرس أصول الفقه بكلية الدراسات الإسلامية والعربية للبنات بالإسكندرية ، جامعة الأزهر | ||||
Abstract | ||||
تهدف الباحثة من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى إلقاء الضوء على قضية تمثل إحدى المستجدات المعاصرة ، وهي تغير الأحكام الاجتهادية بتغيرالأزمان طبقًا لتحقيق مقاصد الشرع ومصالح الخلق ، وأثرها في تغير الأحكام الفقهية دراسة أصولية تطبيقية . وبدأت الباحثة ببيان أهمية الشريعة الإسلامية ، وأنها صالحة لكل زمان ومكان ، وأثر معرفة المفتي بأحوال الناس ، وبيان الأحكام التي تخضع للتغيير ، وبيان أمثلة على مراعاة الأحوال في زمن الوحي وزمن الصحابة ، وأثر ذلك في الفروع الفقهية . وقد اعتمدت الباحثة في هذه الدراسة على المنهج : الأصولي ؛ حيث قامت بدراسة هذه القاعدة دراسة أصولية تطبيقية ، وتطبيقها على بعض الفروع الفقهية . توصلت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج ، والتي من أهمها ما يلي : صلاحية الشريعة الإسلامية للتطبيق في كل زمان ومكان تَعْني أنها قادرة على مُواجهة ومُعالجة قضايا العصر ، وهذا لا يتم إلا بالاجتهاد ، فالاجتهاد هو العنصر الحيوي في الشريعة الإسلامية ، أو هو الشرط الأول لصلاحية الشريعة للتطبيق . الاجتهاد من مستلزمات خلود الشريعة وصلاحيتها لكل زمان ومكان؛ لأن النصوص محدودة ومتناهية ، ووقائع الناس وأقضيتهم غير محدودة ولا متناهية . المجتهد لابد أن يكون عالمًا بأحوال الناس في كل زمان ومكان . | ||||
Keywords | ||||
الشمول; تغير الزمان; الاجتهاد; العلة; تنقيح المناط | ||||
References | ||||
( المتوفى:794هـ)، ط: دار الكتبي، الطبعة الأولى، 1994م.
( المتوفى/303هـ)، ط/ مكتبة المطبوعات الإسلامية / حلب.
( المتوفى:790هـ)، ت: أبي عبيدة مشهور بن حسن آل سلمان، الناشر: دار ابن عفان، الطبعة الأولى 1417هـ / 1997م.
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2006m. | ||||
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