Potential Anti-Cancer Activity and Protection from Hyperlipidemia by Citrus limon Fruit | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Volume 67, Issue 4, April 2024, Page 35-44 PDF (1.83 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.227301.8368 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Sahar Y. Al-Okbi   1; Shaimaa E. Mohammed 2; Fathy M. Mehaya 3; Mohamad Y.S. Ahmed 4
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| 1Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 2Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 3Food Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 4Chemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The present research aimed at studying different bioactive constituents and the potential hypolipidemic effect of the roasted lemon powder along with the anticancer activity of its methanol extract. Volatile compounds and fatty acids′ profile in roasted lemon were analyzed. Individual phenolic compounds and total phenolic and flavonoidal contents and DPPH● scavenging capacity of the methanol extract were determined. The anticancer activity of the extract was evaluated in human cell line from hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep-G2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). The hypolipidemic effect of roasted lemon was assayed in Triton X-100 induced hyperlipidemic rat. Results demonstrated D-Limonene to be the major volatile compound while hisperdin was the main phenolic compound. Total phenolics, flavonoids and DPPH● scavenging activity were 8.59± 0.098 mg gallic acid equivalent, 8.10± 0.17 mg catechin equivalent and 5.05± 0.07 mg trolox equivalent/g, respectively. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid while linolenic acid was present as 10.04%. The anticancer activity of the extract showed IC50 to be 240 and 148µg/ml towards Hep-G2 and MCF-7, respectively. In-vivo experiment demonstrated that intake of roasted lemon improved hyperlipidemia and reduced cardiovascular risk factor, malondialdehyde, transaminases, creatinine and body weight gain. It could be concluded that roasted lemon methanol extract showed anticancer activity towards Hep-G2 and MCF-7, with superiority to MCF-7. The roasted lemon possessed hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities along with cardio-, hepato- and reno-protective effects with body weight reducing ability. Such effects might be related to the presence of volatile compounds specially D- Limonene, the phenolic and flavonoidal compounds and linolenic acid. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Roasted lemon; Volatile compounds; Methanol extract; Fatty acids; Cancer cell line; Hyperlipidemic rats. | ||||
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