Pollution Abatment at the Beamhouse of El-Nasr Tanning Company | ||||
| Journal of High Institute of Public Health | ||||
| Article 3, Volume 29, Issue 4, October 1999, Page 659-670 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.1999.324840 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Manal Ahmed1; Abd El-Aziz Kotb2 | ||||
| 1Environmental Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt | ||||
| 2General Manager of Research Department, El-Nasr Tanning Company, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| El-Nasr Tanning Company processing the hides into finished leather. Treatment of the hides involves a series of batch operations involving application of a wide range of physical and chemical processes. The three principal tannery operations carried out are Beamhouse operations, Tanning operations and dyeing and fat liquoring and finishing operations. Wastewater discharged contains pollutants from the hides, products from their decomposition, chemicals and various spent solutions used for preparation and during the tanning process. Beamhouse waste contributes to 66% of the total waste and contains high chemical oxygen demand, inorganic products as chlorides, sulfides and ammonia which cause serious damage to the sewerage network. So, the aim of this study is to abate the pollution problems at the beamhouse. The abatement was done by applying mechanical desalting of the salted hides before soaking and the use of enzyme in soaking of liming and unhairing process. The mechanical desalting achieved reduction of total dissolved solids, chlorides, and chemical oxygen demand by 35%, 41% and 50% respectively. While, the quality of the leather is improved with respect to chemical properties. The use of enzyme in soaking of liming and unhairing process gave better quality of leather especially for African hides. On the other hand, it led to the reduction of hydrogen sulfide to 50%, chemical oxygen demand to 53% and conservation of water and energy consumption by 50%. So, this study recommended to apply mechanical desalting process before soaking and the salt separated can be reused in preservation of the hides or in chrome tanning process. Also, use of enzyme in soaking of liming and unhairing process to give long save hair removal which can be screened and reused in the binder manufacture. While, the spent solution can be recycled again in the liming process. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Pollution Abatment; Beamhouse; El-Nasr Tanning Company | ||||
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