The guardian lion statues in Egypt during the Graeco-Roman Period تماثيل الأسد الحارسة فى مصر خلال العصر اليونانى-الرومانى | ||||
| حولية الاتحاد العام للآثاريين العرب "دراسات فى آثار الوطن العربى" | ||||
| Article 60, Volume 16, Issue 16, 2013, Page 57-73 PDF (1.32 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/cguaa.2013.32546 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| heba magdy | ||||
| Lecturer – faculty of Tourism & Hotels Alexandria University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| In this research I will trace the shape of the guardian lion statues in Egypt during the Graeco-Roman period, apart from the shape of the sphinx. At that time three different shapes of statues appeared: The first shape: The lion appeared recumbent looking forward with his forelegs stretched and parallel to each other. This shape is considered the oldest shape of the guardian lions in ancient Egypt. The earliest lion statue of this shape dates back to the 4th or the 5th dynasty and was found in the city of Hierakleopolis in El-Fayum. This shape can be noticed in two guardian lion statues found in front of the temple of Madinet Madi, and the temple of Sobek at Tebtunis (Umm el-Baragat), El-Fayoum. The second shape: The recumbent lion appears in a relaxing position with its head turns to the side, the forelegs and the hind legs crossed over each other. The oldest example of this shape dates back to the reign of Thutmosis III (18th dynasty). It seems that this shape was adapted from the Mesopotamian civilization. This shape appeared in front of the temple of Medinet Madi at El-Fayoum. Later, this relaxed position of the recumbent lion reflected on the sphinxes. The third shape: A male lion is represented standing playing with a ball. This shape appeared in front of the door of the palace of Cleopatra that was found under the Alexandrian sea. This shape was very common in decorating the villas in ancient Italy. | ||||
| References | ||||
|
Bibliography: Alan H., “The wonders of the World”, Vol. 4, 2004. Bates R., “29 Chinese mysteries”, 2008. Blewitt O., “A handbook for travelers in central Italy: Rome and its environ”, London, 1853. Blok H.P, “der Lowen in Leontopolis”, Bulletin Antieke Beschaving II, 2, 1927. Bresciani E. et ali, “Medinet Madi: Archeological Guide”, Geodia Edizioni Internazionali, 2010. Budge W., “the gods of the Egyptians”, Vol. II, Chicago, 1904 Bugde W., “The Book of the Dead: the Papyrus of Ani, New York, 1967. Cooney J.D., “Egyptian Art in the collection of Albert Gallatin”, In: Journal of Near Eastern studies, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1953. Edwards I.E.S, “The Prudhoe lions, Liverpool”, in: Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology 26, 1939. Erman A., “life in ancient Egypt”, New York, 1971. Hallof J., “Yesbokheamani: der Lowe von Qasr Ibrim”, in: Journal of Egyptian Archeology, Vol. 89, 2003. Hornung E., “Conceptions of God in Ancient Egypt: The one and the many”, Cornell University press, 1982. Keel O, “Symbolism of the biblical world”, U.S.A, 1997. Lloyd A. B., “A companion to ancient Egypt”, Vol. 1, 2010. Plumley M., “Qasr Ibrim 1974”, in: Journal of Egyptian archeology, vol. 61, 1975. Ratte C., “Five Lydian Felines”, in: American journal of Archeology, Vol. 93, 1989. Ruffle J., “Lord Prudhoe and his lions”, in: the Sudan Archaeological Research Society, Bulletin 2, 1998. Ruhlmann G, “Der Lowe im altaegyptischen triumphalbild”, Wissensehafiliche Zeitschrift der Martin- Luther Universitat Halle-Wittenberg, 1964. Russmann E.R., "Eternal Egypt: Masterworks of Ancient Art from the British Museum", 2001. Theodore L.S., “the Lion group at Sardis”, in: the Art Bulletin, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1931. Warmenbol E., "Sphinx, les gardiens de l'Egypte", Bruxelles, 2006. Wit C. de, “Le Role et le sens du lion dans l’Egypte ancienne”, Leiden, 1951. Yoshimura S., “An Enigmatic Rock-cut chamber: recent Waseda University finds at North Sakkara”, KMT: a modern Journal of Ancient Egypt, Summer, 13-2, 2002. www.louvre.fr www.britishmuseum.org www.metmuseum.org www.ashmolean.org www.thewalters.org www.brooklynmuseum.org www.khm.at/en | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 342 PDF Download: 1,229 |
||||
