Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Production of Xylanase and Other Enzymes from Tomato Paste through Solid-State Fermentation Using Bacillus safensis MABS6 | ||||
| Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||||
| Volume 29, Issue 1 - Serial Number 29, March 2024, Page 47-56 PDF (1.06 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/cat.2023.242486.1215 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
Amal Hassan Alshawi  
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| Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This study aimed to establish a sustainable and eco-friendly approach for the production of enzymes, including xylanase, exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), cellulase (CMCase), and α-amylase, using tomato pomace through solid-state fermentation (SSF) with Bacillus safensis. Kinetic studies revealed that xylanase and exo-PG exhibited their peak activities early in the fermentation process, reaching approximately 110 IU/mL and 70 IU/mL, respectively. In contrast, CMCase and α-amylase activities remained relatively constant, maintaining average levels of 19.8 IU/mL and 22.4 IU/mL throughout the fermentation process. Further investigations in a plate-type bioreactor unveiled the significant impact of aeration on enzyme activities. Aeration positively enhanced the activities of xylanase and CMCase, while it had an inverse effect on exo-PG and α-amylase activities. The focus of our study was to establish the optimal conditions for xylanase production, given its versatility and industrial value. The highest productivity was achieved at a pH of 5 and a temperature of 50 °C. Additionally, the presence of Mg+2 ions positively influenced enzymatic activity, whereas the presence of Hg+2 and Cu+2 ions acted as strong inhibitors. Furthermore, our results demonstrated the remarkable resilience and stability of xylanase across a wide pH range (pH 3-12) and temperatures (30 °C to 60 °C). Overall, these findings contribute to the development of greener enzyme production strategies and provide valuable insights into their widespread applicability across various industrial sectors. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Bacillus safensis MABS6; Enzymes; Solid-state fermentation; Tomato paste; Xylanase production | ||||
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