FURTHER STUDIES ON ACREMONIUM WILT OF GRAIN SORGHUM | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research | ||||
| Article 4, Volume 77, Issue 2, March 1999, Page 533-547 PDF (3.97 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejar.1999.331377 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| HAROUN A. EL-SHAFEY; ELHAMY M. EL-ASSIUTY; ALI Z. EL-ABEDEEN; THANAA F. IBRAHIM; ZEINAB M. FAHMY | ||||
| Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Acremonium-wilt of grain sorghum has become an important disease in Egypt and many of the sorghum-growing countries. The pathogen, Acremonium strictum Gams is a soil-borne pathogen invading the roots prior to colonizing the vascular tissues and is probably best controlled by host resistance. Eight methods of inoculation were tested to identify a reliable, efficient and large-scale inoculation technique for the evaluation of genotypes in the field and in the greenhouse. Soil inoculation (infestation) was effective, uniform, and can be used for greenhouse evaluations, and probably for a small disease nursery. Stalk-inoculation using the toothpick technique was not effective in the greenhouse, but was effective, uniform and more practical for field evaluations. A soil drench with a spore suspension, 25 days after sowing, accompanied by root injury was also effective, but too laborious to be practical on a large scale. None of the other inoculation techniques tested was satisfactory. Highly significant variation in virulence of 19 monospore isolates of A.strictum, from different hosts, was detected when the pathogenicity of these isolates was tested on four grain sorghum cultivars in the greenhouse, using the soil-infestation technique. Mean percentage infection ranged from 22.75% to 59.99%. Isolate No. 8 was the most aggressive, whereas isolates No. 11 was the least virulent. Dorado cultivar, on the other hand, was the most resistant (7.28% mean infection), whereas Giza-15, was the most susceptible (55.01%). The most aggressire isolate No. 8 (from grain sorghum), showing 90.0% infection on 8- 15, and only 5.3% infection on Dorado cultivar. Isolate No. 4 (from maize), exhibiting 55,01% infection on Giza-1 5, while it showed the highest infection on this resistant cultivar (32.46%). Isolate No. 3 (from maize) caused the highest infection (77.94%) on local-129, whereaas isolate No. 11 (from grain sorghum) showed the least infection (1 5.1 7%) on the same cultivar. The reaction of 24 selected grain sorghum genotypes to A.strictum was tested in field trial, using toothpick stalk-inoculation. Seven entries namely; Dorado, BTX 623, BTX 631, ICSB-1, ICSB-14, ICSB-18 and ICSB-37 were highly resistant, while Giza-54 and Giza-114, were highly susceptible to infechin. | ||||
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