Suppressing pathogenic fungi associated with stored garlic bulbs causing cloves rot and decreasing disease development during storage by Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum | ||||
| Journal of Sohag Agriscience (JSAS) | ||||
| Volume 8, Issue 2 - Serial Number 14, December 2023, Page 329-339 PDF (718.84 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Research and Review Papers | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jsasj.2023.335645 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Mazhar Desouki Mohamed  1; Moustafa H.A. Moharam2
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| 1Agricultural microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag university, Sohag, Egypt. | ||||
| 2plant pathology dept., faculty of agriculture, sohag univ. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This study investigated the pathogenic fungi associated with stored garlic bulbs causing cloves rot (CR) disease. First, 25 fungal isolates were obtained from naturally diseased samples of stored garlic bulbs showing cloves rot symptoms collected from different counties of Sohag governorate and identified as Aspergillus niger van Tieghem (4 isolates), Botrytis allii. (4 isolates), F. oxysporum Schlecht. (5 isolates), F. proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg (4 isolates), F. solani (Mart.) Sacc. (4 isolates), and Penicillium sp. (4 isolates). Ihe pathogenicity test conducted on cloves and seedlings under ambient laboratory and greenhouse conditions. All isolates belonging to Fusarium spp. were superior to other tested fungal isolates, causing the highest infection of CR and recovered from infected tissues of garlic cloves. Also, all isolates of F. oxysporum caused seedlings' damping-off and were superior to other tested isolates of F. solani. Under the greenhouse conditions, a significant decline in cloves germination and increased CR values of the disease severity index (DSI) occurred on garlic plants inoculated with all isolates of F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum. On the other hand, all isolates of F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum exhibited high values of the DSI after 60 days of bulb storage at room conditions. In vitro tests, all tested bacterial and fungal isolates significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum. However, isolates of T. harzianum were more effective in reducing the mycelial growth of both fungi than isolates of B. subtilis. In the greenhouse trial, both tested antagonists, B. subtilis (isolate No. 2) and T. harzianum (isolate No. 5), significantly increased cloves germination, reduced the DSI of cloves rot caused by both fungi, and decreased cloves rot disease development of garlic during storage. Under field conditions, both tested antagonists significantly increased cloves germination and reduced the DSI of cloves rot caused by both fungi, as well as decreased the development of garlic cloves rot disease during storage under room conditions | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| garlic cloves rot; F. oxysporum; F. proliferatum. Trichoderma sp; B. subtilis. Bological control | ||||
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