INTER-TUMOR HETEROGENEITY OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN ADVANCED ‎NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER AND ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK ‎SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AMONG PATIENTS IN ALEXANDRIA, ‎EGYPT .
ElSaid, A., Khedr, G., Anis, S., Meheissen, M., El-Achy, S., Kamulo, M. (2024). INTER-TUMOR HETEROGENEITY OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN ADVANCED ‎NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER AND ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK ‎SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AMONG PATIENTS IN ALEXANDRIA, ‎EGYPT .. EKB Journal Management System, 6(1), 45-46. doi: 10.21608/alexpo.2024.274003.1802
Amr AbdelAziz ElSaid; Gehan Abd El Atti Khedr; Shady Anis; Mohamed Ahmed Meheissen; Samar El-Achy; Michelle Naisae Kamulo. "INTER-TUMOR HETEROGENEITY OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN ADVANCED ‎NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER AND ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK ‎SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AMONG PATIENTS IN ALEXANDRIA, ‎EGYPT .". EKB Journal Management System, 6, 1, 2024, 45-46. doi: 10.21608/alexpo.2024.274003.1802
ElSaid, A., Khedr, G., Anis, S., Meheissen, M., El-Achy, S., Kamulo, M. (2024). 'INTER-TUMOR HETEROGENEITY OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN ADVANCED ‎NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER AND ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK ‎SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AMONG PATIENTS IN ALEXANDRIA, ‎EGYPT .', EKB Journal Management System, 6(1), pp. 45-46. doi: 10.21608/alexpo.2024.274003.1802
ElSaid, A., Khedr, G., Anis, S., Meheissen, M., El-Achy, S., Kamulo, M. INTER-TUMOR HETEROGENEITY OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN ADVANCED ‎NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER AND ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK ‎SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AMONG PATIENTS IN ALEXANDRIA, ‎EGYPT .. EKB Journal Management System, 2024; 6(1): 45-46. doi: 10.21608/alexpo.2024.274003.1802

INTER-TUMOR HETEROGENEITY OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN ADVANCED ‎NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER AND ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK ‎SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AMONG PATIENTS IN ALEXANDRIA, ‎EGYPT .

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Article 1, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2024, Page 45-46  XML
Document Type: Preliminary preprint short reports of original research
DOI: 10.21608/alexpo.2024.274003.1802
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Authors
Amr AbdelAziz ElSaid1; Gehan Abd El Atti Khedr2; Shady Anis3; Mohamed Ahmed Meheissen4; Samar El-Achy5; Michelle Naisae Kamulo email 1
1Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University
2Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
3Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University.
4Oncology and nuclear medicine deartment faculty of medicine, university of Alexandria
5Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University
Abstract
In the year 2020, lung cancer was second only to female breast cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. In Egypt, the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020 report places lung cancer as the fifth in incidence (4.9%; 6,538 cases). In terms of mortality, lung cancer was the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both sexes and accounted for 6.5% (5,817 cases). Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancers. On the other hand, among Head and Neck Cancers (HNCs), the most common pathologic subtype is the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In 2018, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) was the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. In 2020, Egypt reported laryngeal cancer as the most common HNC, ranking 17th in incidence (1.2%; 1,552 cases) and 15th in mortality (1.2%; 1,061 cases) among all cancers. Over time, the role of immunotherapy has been established in the management of both advanced NSCLC, as well as recurrent and metastatic HNSCC.
Keywords
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC); PD-L1
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