Hydraulic Fluid Temperature -Imposed Nonlinearities in Automotive Active Hydraulic Suspension Systems | ||||
| JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences | ||||
| Article 4, Volume 52, Issue 3, May 2024, Page 87-104 PDF (2.04 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2024.226034.1246 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
yousra gazaz  1; M-Emad Soliman2; Mahmoud Abdelrahim 3; Aly S. Abo El-Lail2
| ||||
| 1Egyptian German College in Assiut Misr International Technological University, Assiut, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt | ||||
| 3Assoc. Professor, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, 71516, Assiut, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| In hydraulic active suspension systems, an often overlooked source of nonlinearity is the performance deviation of the working hydraulic oil through the wide band of operating temperatures. In this paper, a quarter-car, Simulink® Simscape nonlinear hydraulic active suspension model has been constructed, taking ISO VG 22 oil as the working oil[29]. A PID controller has been tuned for the active suspension system. Targeted response parameters were tire deflection and suspension travel, as measures of vehicle handling, and sprung-mass acceleration as a measure of riding comfort. At a typical moderate vehicle speed of 40 km/hr, system response was investigated for both a single sinusoidal bump and a continuous wavy sinusoidal road inputs. Simulation was performed at two distant, extreme, operating temperatures, namely -30°C and 60°C. Results showed that at higher temperatures, the decrease in oil viscosity of the hydraulic actuator results in higher tire-rebound amplitudes and longer settling times, and a higher sprung mass acceleration amplitude, worsening both tire-road holding and ride comfort compared to those at -30°C. The most significant conclusion is that an active suspension’s hydraulic actuator actually behaves as a nonlinear damper, besides being a force generator. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| ISO VG 22 fluid viscosity; Hydraulic actuator; Active Vehicle Suspension; Nonlinear actuator dynamics; PID controller | ||||
| References | ||||
|
[1] A. Pcr and L. Kit, “Data Sheet Data Sheet,” 고생물학회지, vol. 31402, no. September 2004, pp. 0–1, 2012, [Online]. Available: http://www.papersearch.net/view/detail.asp?detail_key=10000715.
[2] K. Efatpenah, J. H. Beno, and S. P. Nichols, “Energy requirements of a passive and an electromechanical active suspension system,” Veh. Syst. Dyn., vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 437–458, 2000, doi: 10.1076/vesd.34.6.437.2050.
[3] P. A. Yadav, “Suspension System with its Different Models and Classifications,” vol. 10, no. 61, pp. 10–15, 2015.
[4] C. Kim and P. I. Ro, “A sliding mode controller for vehicle active suspension systems with non-linearities,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng., vol. 212, no. 2, pp. 79–91, 1998, doi: 10.1243/0954407981525812.
[5] M. S. Kumar and S. Vijayarangan, “Analytical and experimental studies on active suspension system of light passenger vehicle to improve ride comfort,” Mechanika, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 34–41, 2007, doi: 10.5755/j01.mech.65.3.14828.
[6] M. Senthil, “Development of Active Suspension System for Automobiles using PID Controller,” Lect. Notes Eng. Comput. Sci., vol. II, 2008.
[7] A. M. Al Aela, J. P. Kenne, and H. A. Mintsa, “A novel adaptive and nonlinear electrohydraulic active suspension control system with zero dynamic tire liftoff,” Machines, vol. 8, no. 3, 2020, doi: 10.3390/MACHINES8030038.
[8] W. Sun, Y. Zhao, J. Li, L. Zhang, and H. Gao, “Active suspension control with frequency band constraints and actuator input delay,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 530–537, 2012, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2011.2134057.
[9] P. W. Johnson, “7th ACHV Proceeding bookpdf,” Ind. Heal. Saf. Instrumention, 2018.
[10] M. L. De la Hoz-Torres, A. J. Aguilar-Aguilera, M. D. Martínez-Aires, and D. P. Ruiz, “Assessment of whole-body vibration exposure using ISO2631-1:2008 and ISO2631-5:2018 standards.,” INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID - 48th Int. Congr. Exhib. Noise Control Eng., 2019.
[11] S. Mouleeswaran, “Design and Development of PID Controller-Based Active Suspension System for Automobiles,” PID Controll. Des. Approaches - Theory, Tuning Appl. to Front. Areas, 2012, doi: 10.5772/32611.
[12] A. Agharkakli, G. S. Sabet, and A. Barouz, “Simulation and Analysis of Passive and Active Suspension System Using Quarter Car Model for Different Road Profile,” Int. J. Eng. Trends Technol., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 636–644, 2012.
[13] J. Bharali and N. Garg, “Efficient Ride Quality and Road Holding Improvement for Active Suspension System,” 2017 14th IEEE India Counc. Int. Conf. INDICON 2017, 2018, doi: 10.1109/INDICON.2017.8487904.
[14] X. Shen and H. Peng, “Analysis of active suspension systems with hydraulic actuators,” Veh. Syst. Dyn., vol. 41, no. SUPPL., pp. 143–152, 2004.
[15] Y. M. Sam and K. Hudha, “Modelling and force tracking control of hydraulic actuator for an active suspension system,” 2006 1st IEEE Conf. Ind. Electron. Appl., 2006, doi: 10.1109/ICIEA.2006.257242.
[16] S. Kilicaslan, “Control of active suspension system considering nonlinear actuator dynamics,” Nonlinear Dyn., vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 1383–1394, 2018, doi: 10.1007/s11071-017-3951-x.
[17] E. Mahmoud, M. Atef, and A.-E. Hameed, “Automatic control of vehicle active suspension systems.”
[18] Y. Huang, J. Na, X. Wu, and G. Gao, “Approximation-Free Control for Vehicle Active Suspensions with Hydraulic Actuator,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 7258–7267, 2018, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2018.2798564.
[19] E. S. Kim, “Nonlinear indirect adaptive control of a quarter car active suspension,” IEEE Conf. Control Appl. - Proc., pp. 61–66, 1996, doi: 10.1109/cca.1996.558605.
[20] F. Ding, X. Han, C. Jiang, J. Liu, and C. Peng, “Fuzzy Dynamic Output Feedback Force Security Control for Hysteretic Leaf Spring Hydro-Suspension With Servo Valve Opening Predictive Management Under Deception Attack,” IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 3736–3747, 2022, doi: 10.1109/TFUZZ.2021.3128056.
[21] X. Su, “Master-slave control for active suspension systems with hydraulic actuator dynamics,” IEEE Access, vol. 5, no. c, pp. 3612–3621, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2672598.
[22] J. Yao, W. Deng, and W. Sun, “Precision Motion Control for Electro-Hydraulic Servo Systems with Noise Alleviation: A Desired Compensation Adaptive Approach,” IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatronics, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 1859–1868, 2017, doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2017.2688353.
[23] M. Avesh and R. Srivastava, “Modeling simulation and control of active suspension system in Matlab Simulink environment,” 2012 Students Conf. Eng. Syst. SCES 2012, pp. 0–5, 2012, doi: 10.1109/SCES.2012.6199124.
[24] K. D. Rao, “Modeling, simulation and control of semi active suspension system for automobiles under MATLAB Simulink using PID controller,” IFAC Proc. Vol., vol. 3, no. PART 1, pp. 827–831, 2014, doi: 10.3182/20140313-3-IN-3024.00094.
[25] M. Dangor, O. A. Dahunsi, J. O. Pedro, and M. M. Ali, “Evolutionary algorithm-based PID controller tuning for nonlinear quarter-car electrohydraulic vehicle suspensions,” Nonlinear Dyn., vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 2795–2810, 2014, doi: 10.1007/s11071-014-1626-4.
[26] C.-M. Ong, Modeling of Dynamic Systems, vol. 5. 1998.
[27] Ramin S. Esfandiari Bei Lu, Modeling and Analysis of DYNAMIC SYSTEMS, SECOND Edi. 2002.
[28] F. Ding, H. Shan, X. Han, C. Jiang, C. Peng, and J. Liu, “Security-Based Resilient Triggered Output Feedback Lane Keeping Control for Human–Machine Cooperative Steering Intelligent Heavy Truck Under Denial-of-Service Attacks,” IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 2264–2276, 2023, doi: 10.1109/TFUZZ.2022.3222905.
[29] M. A. Nekoui and P. Hadavi, “Optimal control of an active suspension system,” Proc. EPE-PEMC 2010 - 14th Int. Power Electron. Motion Control Conf., pp. 60–63, 2010, doi: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2010.5606776.
[30] J. K. Hedrick and M. D. Donahue, “Implementation of an Active Suspension,” Nonlinear Hybrid Syst. Automot. Control, vol. XVIII, p. 446, 2003.
[31] R. B. M. and S. D. F. J.A.LEVITT, “Non-linear dynamic modeling of an automobile hydraulic active suspension system,” Mech. Syst. Signal Process., vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 485–517, 1994, doi: 10.1006. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 91 PDF Download: 162 |
||||
